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List of Categories

The News API provides news articles from various categories. The following table lists the available categories:

Category IDCategory taxonomyCategory nameCategory Description
PoliticsapitubePolitics news
ScienceapitubeScience news
TechnologyapitubeTechnology news
EnvironmentapitubeEnvironment news
HealthapitubeHealth news
BusinessapitubeBusiness news
Arts_and_EntertainmentapitubeArts and Entertainment news
SportsapitubeSports news
WorldapitubeWorld news
uncategorizedapitubeUncategorized
IAB17-1iab-qagAuto Racing
IAB17-2iab-qagBaseball
IAB17-3iab-qagBicycling
IAB17-4iab-qagBodybuilding
IAB17-5iab-qagBoxing
IAB17-6iab-qagCanoeing/Kayaking
IAB17-7iab-qagCheerleading
IAB17-8iab-qagClimbing
IAB17-9iab-qagCricket
IAB17-10iab-qagFigure Skating
IAB17-11iab-qagFly Fishing
IAB17-12iab-qagFootball
IAB17-13iab-qagFreshwater Fishing
IAB17-14iab-qagGame & Fish
IAB17-15iab-qagGolf
IAB17-16iab-qagHorse Racing
IAB17-17iab-qagHorses
IAB17-18iab-qagHunting/Shooting
IAB17-19iab-qagInline Skating
IAB17-20iab-qagMartial Arts
IAB17-21iab-qagMountain Biking
IAB17-22iab-qagNASCAR Racing
IAB17-23iab-qagOlympics
IAB17-24iab-qagPaintball
IAB17-25iab-qagPower & Motorcycles
IAB17-26iab-qagPro Basketball
IAB17-27iab-qagPro Ice Hockey
IAB17-28iab-qagRodeo
IAB17-29iab-qagRugby
IAB17-30iab-qagRunning/Jogging
IAB17-31iab-qagSailing
IAB17-32iab-qagSaltwater Fishing
IAB17-33iab-qagScuba Diving
IAB17-34iab-qagSkateboarding
IAB17-35iab-qagSkiing
IAB17-36iab-qagSnowboarding
IAB17-37iab-qagSurfing/Bodyboarding
IAB17-38iab-qagSwimming
IAB17-39iab-qagTable Tennis/Ping-Pong
IAB17-40iab-qagTennis
IAB17-41iab-qagVolleyball
IAB17-42iab-qagWalking
IAB17-43iab-qagWaterski/Wakeboard
IAB17-44iab-qagWorld Soccer
IAB18iab-qagStyle & Fashion
IAB18-1iab-qagBeauty
IAB18-2iab-qagBody Art
IAB18-3iab-qagFashion
IAB18-4iab-qagJewelry
IAB18-5iab-qagClothing
IAB18-6iab-qagAccessories
IAB19iab-qagTechnology & Computing
IAB19-1iab-qag3-D Graphics
IAB19-2iab-qagAnimation
IAB19-3iab-qagAntivirus Software
IAB19-4iab-qagC/C++
IAB19-5iab-qagCameras & Camcorders
IAB19-6iab-qagCell Phones
IAB19-7iab-qagComputer Certification
IAB19-8iab-qagComputer Networking
IAB19-9iab-qagComputer Peripherals
IAB19-10iab-qagComputer Reviews
IAB19-11iab-qagData Centers
IAB19-12iab-qagDatabases
IAB19-13iab-qagDesktop Publishing
IAB19-14iab-qagDesktop Video
IAB19-15iab-qagEmail
IAB19-16iab-qagGraphics Software
IAB19-17iab-qagHome Video/DVD
IAB19-18iab-qagInternet Technology
IAB19-19iab-qagJava
IAB19-20iab-qagJavaScript
IAB19-21iab-qagMac Support
IAB19-22iab-qagMP3/MIDI
IAB19-23iab-qagNet Conferencing
IAB19-24iab-qagNet for Beginners
IAB19-25iab-qagNetwork Security
IAB19-26iab-qagPalmtops/PDAs
IAB19-27iab-qagPC Support
IAB19-28iab-qagPortable
IAB19-29iab-qagEntertainment
IAB19-30iab-qagShareware/Freeware
IAB19-31iab-qagUnix
IAB19-32iab-qagVisual Basic
IAB19-33iab-qagWeb Clip Art
IAB19-34iab-qagWeb Design/HTML
IAB19-35iab-qagWeb Search
IAB19-36iab-qagWindows
IAB20iab-qagTravel
IAB20-1iab-qagAdventure Travel
IAB20-2iab-qagAfrica
IAB20-3iab-qagAir Travel
IAB20-4iab-qagAustralia & New Zealand
IAB20-5iab-qagBed & Breakfasts
IAB20-6iab-qagBudget Travel
IAB20-7iab-qagBusiness Travel
IAB20-8iab-qagBy US Locale
IAB20-9iab-qagCamping
IAB20-10iab-qagCanada
IAB20-11iab-qagCaribbean
IAB20-12iab-qagCruises
IAB20-13iab-qagEastern Europe
IAB20-14iab-qagEurope
IAB20-15iab-qagFrance
IAB20-16iab-qagGreece
IAB20-17iab-qagHoneymoons/Getaways
IAB20-18iab-qagHotels
IAB20-19iab-qagItaly
IAB20-20iab-qagJapan
IAB20-21iab-qagMexico & Central America
IAB20-22iab-qagNational Parks
IAB20-23iab-qagSouth America
IAB20-24iab-qagSpas
IAB20-25iab-qagTheme Parks
IAB20-26iab-qagTraveling with Kids
IAB20-27iab-qagUnited Kingdom
IAB21iab-qagReal Estate
IAB21-1iab-qagApartments
IAB21-2iab-qagArchitects
IAB21-3iab-qagBuying/Selling Homes
IAB22iab-qagShopping
IAB22-1iab-qagContests & Freebies
IAB22-2iab-qagCouponing
IAB22-3iab-qagComparison
IAB22-4iab-qagEngines
IAB23iab-qagReligion & Spirituality
IAB23-1iab-qagAlternative Religions
IAB23-2iab-qagAtheism/Agnosticism
IAB23-3iab-qagBuddhism
IAB23-4iab-qagCatholicism
IAB23-5iab-qagChristianity
IAB23-6iab-qagHinduism
IAB23-7iab-qagIslam
IAB23-8iab-qagJudaism
IAB23-9iab-qagLatter-Day Saints
IAB23-10iab-qagPagan/Wiccan
IAB24iab-qagUncategorized
IAB25iab-qagNon-Standard Content
IAB25-1iab-qagUnmoderated UGC
IAB25-2iab-qagExtreme Graphic/Explicit Violence
IAB25-3iab-qagPornography
IAB25-4iab-qagProfane Content
IAB25-5iab-qagHate Content
IAB25-6iab-qagUnder Construction
IAB25-7iab-qagIncentivized
IAB1iab-qagArts & Entertainment
IAB1-1iab-qagBooks & Literature
IAB1-2iab-qagCelebrity Fan/Gossip
IAB1-3iab-qagFine Art
IAB1-4iab-qagHumor
IAB1-5iab-qagMovies
IAB1-6iab-qagMusic
IAB1-7iab-qagTelevision
IAB2iab-qagAutomotive
IAB2-1iab-qagAuto Parts
IAB2-2iab-qagAuto Repair
IAB2-3iab-qagBuying/Selling Cars
IAB2-4iab-qagCar Culture
IAB2-5iab-qagCertified Pre-Owned
IAB2-6iab-qagConvertible
IAB2-7iab-qagCoupe
IAB2-8iab-qagCrossover
IAB2-9iab-qagDiesel
IAB2-10iab-qagElectric Vehicle
IAB2-11iab-qagHatchback
IAB2-12iab-qagHybrid
IAB2-13iab-qagLuxury
IAB2-14iab-qagMiniVan
IAB2-15iab-qagMororcycles
IAB2-16iab-qagOff-Road Vehicles
IAB2-17iab-qagPerformance Vehicles
IAB2-18iab-qagPickup
IAB2-19iab-qagRoad-Side Assistance
IAB2-20iab-qagSedan
IAB2-21iab-qagTrucks & Accessories
IAB2-22iab-qagVintage Cars
IAB2-23iab-qagWagon
IAB3iab-qagBusiness
IAB3-1iab-qagAdvertising
IAB3-2iab-qagAgriculture
IAB3-3iab-qagBiotech/Biomedical
IAB3-4iab-qagBusiness Software
IAB3-5iab-qagConstruction
IAB3-6iab-qagForestry
IAB3-7iab-qagGovernment
IAB3-8iab-qagGreen Solutions
IAB3-9iab-qagHuman Resources
IAB3-10iab-qagLogistics
IAB3-11iab-qagMarketing
IAB3-12iab-qagMetals
IAB4iab-qagCareers
IAB4-1iab-qagCareer Planning
IAB4-2iab-qagCollege
IAB4-3iab-qagFinancial Aid
IAB4-4iab-qagJob Fairs
IAB4-5iab-qagJob Search
IAB4-6iab-qagResume Writing/Advice
IAB4-7iab-qagNursing
IAB4-8iab-qagScholarships
IAB4-9iab-qagTelecommuting
IAB4-10iab-qagU.S. Military
IAB4-11iab-qagCareer Advice
IAB5iab-qagEducation
IAB5-1iab-qag7-12 Education
IAB5-2iab-qagAdult Education
IAB5-3iab-qagArt History
IAB5-4iab-qagCollege Administration
IAB5-5iab-qagCollege Life
IAB5-6iab-qagDistance Learning
IAB5-7iab-qagEnglish as a 2nd Language
IAB5-8iab-qagLanguage Learning
IAB5-9iab-qagGraduate School
IAB5-10iab-qagHomeschooling
IAB5-11iab-qagHomework/Study Tips
IAB5-12iab-qagK-6 Educators
IAB5-13iab-qagPrivate School
IAB5-14iab-qagSpecial Education
IAB5-15iab-qagStudying Business
IAB6iab-qagFamily & Parenting
IAB6-1iab-qagAdoption
IAB6-2iab-qagBabies & Toddlers
IAB6-3iab-qagDaycare/Pre School
IAB6-4iab-qagFamily Internet
IAB6-5iab-qagParenting - K-6 Kids
IAB6-6iab-qagParenting teens
IAB6-7iab-qagPregnancy
IAB6-8iab-qagSpecial Needs Kids
IAB6-9iab-qagEldercare
IAB7iab-qagHealth & Fitness
IAB7-1iab-qagExercise
IAB7-2iab-qagA.D.D.
IAB7-3iab-qagAIDS/HIV
IAB7-4iab-qagAllergies
IAB7-5iab-qagAlternative Medicine
IAB7-6iab-qagArthritis
IAB7-7iab-qagAsthma
IAB7-8iab-qagAutism/PDD
IAB7-9iab-qagBipolar Disorder
IAB7-10iab-qagBrain Tumor
IAB7-11iab-qagCancer
IAB7-12iab-qagCholesterol
IAB7-13iab-qagChronic Fatigue Syndrome
IAB7-14iab-qagChronic Pain
IAB7-15iab-qagCold & Flu
IAB7-16iab-qagDeafness
IAB7-17iab-qagDental Care
IAB7-18iab-qagDepression
IAB7-19iab-qagDermatology
IAB7-20iab-qagDiabetes
IAB7-21iab-qagEpilepsy
IAB7-22iab-qagGERD/Acid Reflux
IAB7-23iab-qagHeadaches/Migraines
IAB7-24iab-qagHeart Disease
IAB7-25iab-qagHerbs for Health
IAB7-26iab-qagHolistic Healing
IAB7-27iab-qagIBS/Crohn’s Disease
IAB7-28iab-qagIncest/Abuse Support
IAB7-29iab-qagIncontinence
IAB7-30iab-qagInfertility
IAB7-31iab-qagMen’s Health
IAB7-32iab-qagNutrition
IAB7-33iab-qagOrthopedics
IAB7-34iab-qagPanic/Anxiety Disorders
IAB7-35iab-qagPediatrics
IAB7-36iab-qagPhysical Therapy
IAB7-37iab-qagPsychology/Psychiatry
IAB7-38iab-qagSenior Health
IAB7-39iab-qagSexuality
IAB7-40iab-qagSleep Disorders
IAB7-41iab-qagSmoking Cessation
IAB7-42iab-qagSubstance Abuse
IAB7-43iab-qagThyroid Disease
IAB7-44iab-qagWeight Loss
IAB7-45iab-qagWomen’s Health
IAB8iab-qagFood & Drink
IAB8-1iab-qagAmerican Cuisine
IAB8-2iab-qagBarbecues & Grilling
IAB8-3iab-qagCajun/Creole
IAB8-4iab-qagChinese Cuisine
IAB8-5iab-qagCocktails/Beer
IAB8-6iab-qagCoffee/Tea
IAB8-7iab-qagCuisine-Specific
IAB8-8iab-qagDesserts & Baking
IAB8-9iab-qagDining Out
IAB8-10iab-qagFood Allergies
IAB8-11iab-qagFrench Cuisine
IAB8-12iab-qagHealth/Lowfat Cooking
IAB8-13iab-qagItalian Cuisine
IAB8-14iab-qagJapanese Cuisine
IAB8-15iab-qagMexican Cuisine
IAB8-16iab-qagVegan
IAB8-17iab-qagVegetarian
IAB8-18iab-qagWine
IAB9iab-qagHobbies & Interests
IAB9-1iab-qagArt/Technology
IAB9-2iab-qagArts & Crafts
IAB9-3iab-qagBeadwork
IAB9-4iab-qagBirdwatching
IAB9-5iab-qagBoard Games/Puzzles
IAB9-6iab-qagCandle & Soap Making
IAB9-7iab-qagCard Games
IAB9-8iab-qagChess
IAB9-9iab-qagCigars
IAB9-10iab-qagCollecting
IAB9-11iab-qagComic Books
IAB9-12iab-qagDrawing/Sketching
IAB9-13iab-qagFreelance Writing
IAB9-14iab-qagGenealogy
IAB9-15iab-qagGetting Published
IAB9-16iab-qagGuitar
IAB9-17iab-qagHome Recording
IAB9-18iab-qagInvestors & Patents
IAB9-19iab-qagJewelry Making
IAB9-20iab-qagMagic & Illusion
IAB9-21iab-qagNeedlework
IAB9-22iab-qagPainting
IAB9-23iab-qagPhotography
IAB9-24iab-qagRadio
IAB9-25iab-qagRoleplaying Games
IAB9-26iab-qagSci-Fi & Fantasy
IAB9-27iab-qagScrapbooking
IAB9-28iab-qagScreenwriting
IAB9-29iab-qagStamps & Coins
IAB9-30iab-qagVideo & Computer Games
IAB9-31iab-qagWoodworking
IAB10iab-qagHome & Garden
IAB10-1iab-qagAppliances
IAB10-2iab-qagEntertaining
IAB10-3iab-qagEnvironmental Safety
IAB10-4iab-qagGardening
IAB15-10iab-qagWeather
IAB10-6iab-qagHome Theater
IAB10-7iab-qagInterior Decorating
IAB10-8iab-qagLandscaping
IAB10-9iab-qagRemodeling & Construction
IAB11iab-qagLaw, Gov’t & Politics
IAB11-1iab-qagImmigration
IAB11-2iab-qagLegal Issues
IAB11-3iab-qagU.S. Government Resources
IAB11-4iab-qagPolitics
IAB11-5iab-qagCommentary
IAB12iab-qagNews
IAB12-1iab-qagInternational News
IAB12-2iab-qagNational News
IAB12-3iab-qagLocal News
IAB13iab-qagPersonal Finance
IAB13-1iab-qagBeginning Investing
IAB13-2iab-qagCredit/Debt & Loans
IAB13-3iab-qagFinancial News
IAB13-4iab-qagFinancial Planning
IAB13-5iab-qagHedge Fund
IAB13-6iab-qagInsurance
IAB13-7iab-qagInvesting
IAB13-8iab-qagMutual Funds
IAB13-9iab-qagOptions
IAB13-10iab-qagRetirement Planning
IAB13-11iab-qagStocks
IAB13-12iab-qagTax Planning
IAB14iab-qagSociety
IAB14-1iab-qagDating
IAB14-2iab-qagDivorce Support
IAB14-3iab-qagGay Life
IAB14-4iab-qagMarriage
IAB14-5iab-qagSenior Living
IAB14-6iab-qagTeens
IAB14-7iab-qagWeddings
IAB14-8iab-qagEthnic Specific
IAB15iab-qagScience
IAB15-1iab-qagAstrology
IAB15-2iab-qagBiology
IAB15-3iab-qagChemistry
IAB15-4iab-qagGeology
IAB15-5iab-qagParanormal Phenomena
IAB15-6iab-qagPhysics
IAB15-7iab-qagSpace/Astronomy
IAB15-8iab-qagGeography
IAB15-9iab-qagBotany
IAB10-5iab-qagHome Repair
IAB16iab-qagPets
IAB16-1iab-qagAquariums
IAB16-2iab-qagBirds
IAB16-3iab-qagCats
IAB16-4iab-qagDogs
IAB16-5iab-qagLarge Animals
IAB16-6iab-qagReptiles
IAB16-7iab-qagVeterinary Medicine
IAB17iab-qagSports
06006006iptc-subjectcodeRiversMoving water areas bounded by land that extend from earth sources and meander through land areas to join with other water areas. In smaller forms they are creeks, rivulets, streams etc
06006007iptc-subjectcodeOceansSalt water masses separating continents or other major geographical masses. smaller forms are seas or lakes or ponds
06006008iptc-subjectcodeWildlifeAll forms of animal life that have not been domesticated
06006009iptc-subjectcodeEnergy resourcesSuch resources as coal, gas, wind, sunlight etc., used to generate heat, electricity and power
06007000iptc-subjectcodeNatureTaken as a whole the natural environment of flora and fauna
06007001iptc-subjectcodeInvasive speciesNon-native plants, animals and other organisms that tend to take over native species
06008000iptc-subjectcodePopulationPeople and their growth and development within a natural setting
06009000iptc-subjectcodeWasteEnvironmental impact of waste, including recycling efforts
06010000iptc-subjectcodeWaterEnvironmental issues about bodies of water, including oceans, lakes, streams and reservoirs, as well as ice, glaciers and forms of precipitation
06011000iptc-subjectcodeGlobal warmingAll issues relating to global warming including temperature research, remote sensing on temperature trends, debate on global warming, ways to reduce emissions and carbon trading.
06012000iptc-subjectcodeHazardous materialsMaterials that are harmful to humans or animals if they are exposed to them. Includes radiation, poison gases, chemicals, heavy metals, PCBs, and certain plant products
06013000iptc-subjectcodeEnvironmental cleanupProcesses whereby contaminated areas are cleaned of hazardous materials so they can be inhabited again by either people or animals.
07000000iptc-subjectcodeHealthAll aspects pertaining to the physical and mental welfare of human beings.
07001000iptc-subjectcodeDiseaseAny harmful or destructive condition
07001001iptc-subjectcodeCommunicable diseasesDiseases that can be transmitted from one person or animal to another
07001002iptc-subjectcodeVirus diseasesDiseases caused by infection within cells by viruses
07001003iptc-subjectcodeAIDSAcquired Immunity Deficiency Syndrome, an incurable disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus
07001004iptc-subjectcodeCancerA serious and often fatal disease caused when normal cells mutate into tumours
07001005iptc-subjectcodeHeart diseaseA degenerative and serious disease caused by narrowing of the arteries feeding the heart
07001006iptc-subjectcodeAlzheimer's diseaseA disorder of the brain leading to dementia
15005014iptc-subjectcode25000Walking over a distance of 25km with the fastest time winning
07001009iptc-subjectcodeRetrovirusA family of RNA viruses such as those causing leukaemia and AIDS
07003000iptc-subjectcodeHealth treatmentIn general treatment of diseases and other conditions to produce wellness
07003001iptc-subjectcodePrescription drugsDrugs that can be purchased only with a doctor's authorization
07003002iptc-subjectcodeDietary supplementsNutrients taken in addition to food to bolster health
07003003iptc-subjectcodeDietControlled food consumption
07003004iptc-subjectcodeMedical procedure/testAny of a variety of treatments such as stress tests, catheterization, blood tests, computerised axial tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging
07003005iptc-subjectcodeTherapyTreatment of physical, mental or medical conditions by non-surgical means
07004000iptc-subjectcodeHealth organisationsIncludes stories about specific health organizations, including professional associations, non-profits and international groups
07005000iptc-subjectcodeMedical researchInvestigation into the causes and cures of diseases
07006000iptc-subjectcodeMedical staffDoctors, nurses, interns and others in a medical facility
07006001iptc-subjectcodePrimary care physicianPatient's basic health care doctor - first point of call for all health related problems
07006002iptc-subjectcodeHealth-workers unionIssues involving industry groups for doctors, nurses, health workers etc.
07007000iptc-subjectcodeMedicineA substance used with the expectation that it will eliminate disease or illness
07007001iptc-subjectcodeHerbalTreatment based on the use of herbs and other plants to cure or alleviate disease symptoms
07007002iptc-subjectcodeHolisticTreatment of the whole person including mental and social factors rather than just the symptoms of the disease.
07007003iptc-subjectcodeWesternThe practice of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease based on modern scientific research in the western hemisphere.
07007004iptc-subjectcodeTraditional ChineseThe practice of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease based on traditional methods developed in the orient.
07008000iptc-subjectcodePreventative medicineSubstances used to prevent diseases or illnesses
07008001iptc-subjectcodeVaccinesMedications designed to create immunity to diseases
07009000iptc-subjectcodeInjuryA traumatic condition of the human body caused usually by outside forces
07010000iptc-subjectcodeHospital and clinicMedical facilities for the treatment of illnesses and injury
07011000iptc-subjectcodeGovernment health careHealth care provided by national governments
07011001iptc-subjectcodeMedicareA program of the U.S. government to provide health care to senior citizens
07011002iptc-subjectcodeMedicaidA program of the U.S. government to provide health care to needy citizens of all ages
07012000iptc-subjectcodePrivate health careHealth care provided by privately funded or insured organizations
07013000iptc-subjectcodeHealthcare policyHealth-related policy decisions including what different countries are doing regarding prescription drug policies, AIDS, psychiatric care, health care funding and related topics.
07013001iptc-subjectcodeFood safetyIssues relating to food cleanliness and contamination
07014000iptc-subjectcodeMedical specialisationThe different medical specialist areas.
07014001iptc-subjectcodeGeriatricResearch into aging and age-related issues including age-related illnesses, medical research, trends, geriatric medicine and related topics like age discrimination and health insurance for an ageing population.
07014002iptc-subjectcodePediatricsResearch and medicine specifically for the young - includes premature babies, infant care, childhood disease and treatment - also teen-related health and behaviour problems.
07014003iptc-subjectcodeReproductionReproductive technologies like invitro fertilization and cloning as well as related debates. Sexual development matters and sexually transmitted diseases would also fall under this category.
07014004iptc-subjectcodeGeneticsThe science and research into genetic-base disease and cures for disease. This would include proteomics (the study of what proteins are produced by which genes and what those proteins do), general genetics and stem-cell research.
07014005iptc-subjectcodeObstetrics/gynecologySpecialty of female reproductive organs
07015000iptc-subjectcodeMedical serviceMedical support for doctors, including blood tests and other medical tests on individuals, X-rays CAT scans MRIs etc.
07016000iptc-subjectcodePhysical fitnessThe condition of a person's cardio-vascular and muscular health.
07017000iptc-subjectcodeIllnessNon-specific maladies such as stomach aches, headaches, flat feet, lumbago
07017001iptc-subjectcodeMental illnessThose illnesses affecting the mind
07017002iptc-subjectcodeEating disorderAnorexia, bulimia, overeating and similar illnesses
07017003iptc-subjectcodeObesityA condition of body weight generally considered 20 percent above the norm for gender, age, height and bone structure
07018000iptc-subjectcodeMedical conditionsVarious stages of disease, illness or injury
07019000iptc-subjectcodePatientIssues which affect population in general as attendees at hospitals or doctors' surgeries.
08000000iptc-subjectcodeHuman interestLighter items about individuals, groups, animals or objects.
08001000iptc-subjectcodeAnimalAnimals of all types
08002000iptc-subjectcodeCuriosityContent of an unusual nature that can raise questions or amuse
08003000iptc-subjectcodePeopleUnusual content about people of all levels
08003001iptc-subjectcodeAdviceLetters and answers about personal problems that are publishable
15005015iptc-subjectcode30000Walking over a distance of 30kms with the fastest time winning
08003003iptc-subjectcodeAccomplishmentAchievements by individuals or groups, such as charitable fundraising, winning a competitive contest etc
08003004iptc-subjectcodeHuman mishapStories arising from silly/stupid human errors e.g. like forgetting to tie one end of a bungee cord
08004000iptc-subjectcodeMysterySomething unexplained or unknown
08005000iptc-subjectcodeSocietyStories of well-known people
08005001iptc-subjectcodeCeremonyRituals of a non-religious nature such as dedications, wreath layings, ship launchings etc
08005002iptc-subjectcodeDeathThe human interest aspects of the demise of a person
08005003iptc-subjectcodeFuneralThe ceremony to intern the remains of a person
08005004iptc-subjectcodeEstate bestowalThe distribution of the estate of a person according to their will and any disagreements between the heirs
08005005iptc-subjectcodeMemorialCommemorative ceremony or object - plaque, statue etc - in remembrance of a person.
08006000iptc-subjectcodeAward and prizeDecorations, awards and prizes, including those given by the government.
08006001iptc-subjectcodeRecordNon-sport achievement by an individual or group that sets a new record, such as most books read, holding your breath longest
08007000iptc-subjectcodeImperial and royal mattersImperial and royal family members, including matters on legal systems.
08008000iptc-subjectcodePlantAn organism of the kind exemplified by trees, shrubs, grasses, ferns, and mosses, typically growing in a permanent site
09000000iptc-subjectcodeLabourSocial aspects, organizations, rules and conditions affecting the employment of human effort for the generation of wealth or provision of services and the economic support of the unemployed.
09001000iptc-subjectcodeApprenticesPeople who are in the work force at a learning level, serving under a master
09002000iptc-subjectcodeCollective contractUsually written contracts covering a specific class of worker
09002001iptc-subjectcodeContract issue-wagesElement of contracts and contract discussions centring on remuneration
09002002iptc-subjectcodeContract issue-healthcareElement of contracts and contract discussions centring on health care issues
09002003iptc-subjectcodeContract issue-work rulesElement of contracts and contract discussions centring on rules affecting issues such as lunch and other breaks, work shifts, vacation scheduling, seniority, sick leave etc.
09003000iptc-subjectcodeEmploymentPaid labour
09003001iptc-subjectcodeLabor marketA pool of people who are working or are seeking work
09003002iptc-subjectcodeJob layoffsThe reduction of a company's work force through dismissal because of changing economic factors
09003003iptc-subjectcodeChild laborEmployment of children, usually under the age of 18
09003004iptc-subjectcodeOccupationsGenerally one's trade, profession or business although professions are usually such things as lawyers and doctors, and occupations are such as clerks or truckers
09004000iptc-subjectcodeLabour disputeDifferences of opinion about work conditions, pay, etc
09005000iptc-subjectcodeLabour legislationLaws governing work and labour
09006000iptc-subjectcodeRetirementThe years after work
09007000iptc-subjectcodeRetrainingProviding a worker training in new skills when his old skills are no longer applicable
09008000iptc-subjectcodeStrikeA job action involving cessation of work
09009000iptc-subjectcodeUnemploymentLack of paid work
09010000iptc-subjectcodeUnionsGroups established to represent bodies of workers
09011000iptc-subjectcodeWage and pensionParts of a salary divided for current income and future income
09011001iptc-subjectcodeEmployee benefitsEither benefits provided to an employee by a company, such as pensions, health insurance; or monetary compensation paid by a government to the jobless usually called unemployment benefits
09011002iptc-subjectcodeSocial securityFICA. Money paid by individual and companies into a government account to be paid out when that individual reaches a certain age
09012000iptc-subjectcodeWork relationsThe give and take between management and labour
09013000iptc-subjectcodeHealth and safety at workRules and procedures for guaranteeing the health of workers
09014000iptc-subjectcodeAdvanced trainingAdditional training to enhance current skills
09015000iptc-subjectcodeEmployerThe person who employs workers and pays the salaries and other benefits to workers
09016000iptc-subjectcodeEmployeeA person who trades his time and talent for money and other benefits
10000000iptc-subjectcodeLifestyle and leisureActivities undertaken for pleasure, relaxation or recreation outside paid employment, including eating and travel.
10001000iptc-subjectcodeGameContests generally for ones amusement
10001001iptc-subjectcodeGoA strategic, deterministic Chinese board game played by alternately placing stones on a grid
10001002iptc-subjectcodeChessA game played on a chequered board with 16 pieces to each side with specific ranges of movement depending on their identity
10001003iptc-subjectcodeBridgeA card game of four players who bet on the hands of each other, developed from Russian whist
10001004iptc-subjectcodeShogiA strategic board games which is native to Japan and is often called Japanese chess
10002000iptc-subjectcodeGaming and lotteryGambling, often involving selection of sets of numbers one expects to come up
10003000iptc-subjectcodeGastronomyThe art of good eating
10003001iptc-subjectcodeOrganic foodsFood which is grown using no artificial fertilizers or chemical compounds
15005010iptc-subjectcode5000 mRunning over a distance of 5000 metres with the fastest time winning
10004001iptc-subjectcodeDIYDIY - do it yourself. Normally the construction, repair or maintenance of residential property by an amateur
10004002iptc-subjectcodeShoppingConsumer purchasing and related trends, but not the business aspects of retailing
10004003iptc-subjectcodeGardeningThe non-commercial aspects of landscaping, growing plants, trees and other vegetation that gives pleasure to the gardener and others
10005000iptc-subjectcodeHoliday or vacationLeisure travel to a single location and/or country over a short period of time
10006000iptc-subjectcodeTourismLeisure travel involving visits to a number of locations and/or countries over an extended period of time, often as part of an organized group
10007000iptc-subjectcodeTravel and commutingTransport options, travel networks, commuting, car pooling and business travel
10007001iptc-subjectcodeTrafficTraffic reports and/or warnings
10008000iptc-subjectcodeClub and associationOrganizations joined by individuals because of similar interests
10009000iptc-subjectcodeLifestyle (house and home)Unique culture of ones own home
10010000iptc-subjectcodeLeisure (general)Activities carried out in ones' spare time
10011000iptc-subjectcodePublic holidayA day or days set off for celebration
10012000iptc-subjectcodeHuntingAn activity involving the use of weapons or traps for the capturing of animals
10013000iptc-subjectcodeFishingAn activity involving the use of baits, lures, weapons and traps for the capture of aquatic species
10014000iptc-subjectcodeAuto trendsThe evolution of the automobile
10015000iptc-subjectcodeAdventureExpeditions, daring feats, exploration, record-breaking, risk-associated events
10016000iptc-subjectcodeBeautyIssues relating to improving one's appearance and attractiveness, including reviews of beauty products
10017000iptc-subjectcodeConsumer issueShopping, products for the home, relevant surveys, product recalls
10018000iptc-subjectcodeWeddingThe marriage ceremony and the events that surround it - showers, rehearsal, parties, honeymoon, etc.
11001000iptc-subjectcodeDefenceAnything involving the defence of one's own country
11001001iptc-subjectcodeVeterans affairsCare and provision for those who served in the military
11001002iptc-subjectcodeNational securityThe philosophy of securing a nation and its borders, as well as the well being of its citizens
11001003iptc-subjectcodeSecurity measuresMeans of making a nation, a state, a building or a person secure from harm and outside interference.
11001004iptc-subjectcodeArmed ForcesThose employed by a government to conduct war, or to enforce the security of a nation
11001005iptc-subjectcodeMilitary equipmentEquipment issued to members of the armed forces
11001006iptc-subjectcodeFirearmsAnything that uses an explosive in a directed manner to propel an object that can maim or kill
11001007iptc-subjectcodeBiological and chemical weaponsDevices using biological agents, or chemical mixtures to disable, maim or kill an opponent
11001008iptc-subjectcodeMissile systemsAnything that propels an inert, explosive, biological or chemical object through the air with the aim of disabling, maiming or killing an opponent.
11001009iptc-subjectcodeNuclear weaponsWeapons that use controlled radioactivity from the decay of certain elements to disable, maim or kill an opponent
11002000iptc-subjectcodeDiplomacyThe use of verbal and written skills for persuading others to your point of view
11002001iptc-subjectcodeSummitIncludes meetings of leaders, foreign and finance ministers from the Group of Eight major nations and Group of Seven industrialized nations.
11002002iptc-subjectcodeInternational relationsNon-violent relations between nations through negotiation, treaty, or personal meetings
11002003iptc-subjectcodePeace negotiationsNegotiations intended to bring an end to a conflict
11002004iptc-subjectcodeAlliancesCoalitions of like-minded groups formed to present a stronger force against any challenges
11003000iptc-subjectcodeElectionThe selection of representatives by the casting of votes
11003001iptc-subjectcodePolitical candidatesIndividuals who are chosen to stand for office
11003002iptc-subjectcodePolitical campaignsCampaigns for public office
11003003iptc-subjectcodeCampaign financeThe money that makes campaigns for public office possible
11003004iptc-subjectcodeNational electionsChoosing individuals for government at a national level
11003005iptc-subjectcodeRegional electionsChoosing individuals for government at a regional level
11003006iptc-subjectcodeLocal electionsChoosing individuals for government at the basic level, whether city, village or county
11003007iptc-subjectcodeVotingThe act of selecting an individual you would like to represent your interests in government
11003008iptc-subjectcodePollPeriodic measurement of a political candidate's standing with the public
11003009iptc-subjectcodeEuropean electionsChoosing individuals for a body which is at a higher level than national government, e.g. European parliament
11003010iptc-subjectcodePrimaryPreliminary elections on a local or regional basis leading up to a regional or national election
11004000iptc-subjectcodeEspionage and intelligenceCovert collection of information
11005000iptc-subjectcodeForeign aidHelp provided by one nation to another
11005001iptc-subjectcodeEconomic sanctionPunitive actions taken by one country against another including trade restrictions, embargoes etc.
11006000iptc-subjectcodeGovernmentThe system for ruling a country
15005011iptc-subjectcode10,000 mRunning over a distance of 10,000 metres with the fastest time winning
11006002iptc-subjectcodeSafety of citizensGovernment policies to protect the well being of its citizens
11006003iptc-subjectcodeThink tankGroup that undertakes political research and issue position papers, recommendations etc
11006004iptc-subjectcodeNational governmentThe ruling body of a nation
11006005iptc-subjectcodeExecutive (government)That portion of a ruling body involving the overall operation of government
11006006iptc-subjectcodeHeads of stateSymbolic or actual chief representative of a nation, such as royalty, or president or emir, for example
11006007iptc-subjectcodeGovernment departmentsDivisions of a government that concentrate on specific areas such as health, welfare, economy or war
11006008iptc-subjectcodePublic officialsIndividuals, usually elected, who are in public service or commonly in the public eye.
11006009iptc-subjectcodeMinisters (government)Heads of various government departments at one level, also known as secretaries. At another level they form a legislative body. The chief minister is either prime minister or premier.
11006010iptc-subjectcodePublic employeesPeople employed by a government at all levels
11006011iptc-subjectcodePrivatisationThe privatisation of state-owned companies or property
11006012iptc-subjectcodeNationalisationState takeover of private companies or property
11006013iptc-subjectcodeImpeachmentThe process of bringing a public official before a tribunal to answer charges of wrongdoing
11007000iptc-subjectcodeHuman rightsRights entitled to be enjoyed by all citizens universally
11008000iptc-subjectcodeLocal authorityAuthorities at city, county state or borough level
11009000iptc-subjectcodeParliamentThe collective body of elected officials representing the people
11009001iptc-subjectcodeUpper houseSenior chamber of a legislative body
11009002iptc-subjectcodeLower houseThe lower chamber of a legislative body
11010000iptc-subjectcodeParties and movementsCovers both formally recognized and informal political associations
11010001iptc-subjectcodeNon government organizations (NGO)Groups officially outside of government that lobby, demonstrate or campaign on a wide range of issues such as economics, environment healthcare etc.
11011000iptc-subjectcodeRefugeeA person seeking shelter in another country because of some fear of persecution in his own country
11012000iptc-subjectcodeRegional authorityGovernment bodies at levels encompassing more than one jurisdiction, e.g. the Delaware River Basin Commission
11013000iptc-subjectcodeState budget and taxThe national budget as promulgated by the government
11013001iptc-subjectcodePublic financeThe money of government used for paying for public programs and services and public debt
11014000iptc-subjectcodeTreaty and international organisation-DEPRECATEDNA
11014001iptc-subjectcodeInternational relations-DEPRECATEDNA
11014002iptc-subjectcodePeace negotiations-DEPRECATEDNA
11014003iptc-subjectcodeAlliances-DEPRECATEDNA
11015000iptc-subjectcodeConstitutionUsually a written document setting forth the operations of a government and the rights of the citizens therein
11016000iptc-subjectcodeInterior policyGovernment policies affecting internal affairs of a country
11016001iptc-subjectcodeData protectionEfforts to protect personal information in either written, oral or electronic form
11016002iptc-subjectcodeHousing and urban planningSystematic planning of urban and suburban areas and the housing within those areas
11016003iptc-subjectcodePension and welfareGovernment policies affecting the well being of its citizens through unemployment benefits, state pensions and other similar payments
11016004iptc-subjectcodePersonal weapon controlGovernment control of personal ownership of firearms and other offensive weapons, including control of weapons used for sports through licenses and other means
11016005iptc-subjectcodeIndigenous peopleGovernment policies toward indigenous peoples
11016006iptc-subjectcodePersonal data collectionThe collection, by government or other entities of information on individuals
11016007iptc-subjectcodePlanning inquiriesPublic hearings or planning inquiries on proposed constructions, e.g. Construction of water driven power station in a National Park.
11017000iptc-subjectcodeMigrationMovement of one body of persons from one place to another
11018000iptc-subjectcodeCitizens initiative and recallPolitical suggestions by non-government officials for corrective action, or for changes in existing rules and regulations
11019000iptc-subjectcodeReferendaPolitical proposals, laws and actions suggested by non-government officials to be voted on by the entire voting body
11020000iptc-subjectcodeNuclear policyGovernment policies as regards to use of nuclear fuels for power production or weapons
11021000iptc-subjectcodeLobbyingThe attempt by non-government bodies and individual to affect the outcome of legislation through verbal, or other, persuasion
11022000iptc-subjectcodeRegulatory policy and organisationThe rules and bodies, both national and international, that govern conflict of interest and good practice regulations.
11024000iptc-subjectcodePolitics (general)The art or science of participating in the affairs of government, a state of political party
11024001iptc-subjectcodePolitical systemsSystems designed to provide order to government
11024002iptc-subjectcodeDemocracyGovernment in which the people hold the power either directly, or through elected officials.
15005012iptc-subjectcode20 kmWalking over a distance of 20 km on public roads with the fastest time winning
11026000iptc-subjectcodeFreedom of religionReligious rights and freedoms, pressure and intimidation of the believers, censorship in mass media, activities of government bodies, journalistic associations and/or organizations and other NGOs in regards to freedom of belief and practice
11027000iptc-subjectcodeTreatyA treaty (as defined by the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties) is a written agreement between international entities that is binding under international law.
11028000iptc-subjectcodeInternational organisationIncludes organisations with members and functions that cross international borders, and may include intergovernmental organisations of sovereign nations.
12000000iptc-subjectcodeReligion and beliefAll aspects of human existence involving theology, philosophy, ethics and spirituality.
12001000iptc-subjectcodeCult and sectOffshoots of established religious bodies, or small narrow-focused group promulgated by one or two individuals
12002000iptc-subjectcodeBelief (faith)The established beliefs of an individuals religion
12002001iptc-subjectcodeUnificationismThe belief system of members of the Unification Church established by the Rev. Sun Myung Moon.
12002002iptc-subjectcodeScientologyBelieve that man is a spiritual being endowed with abilities well beyond those which he normally envisages; he's able to solve his own problems, accomplish his goals and gain lasting happiness.
12003000iptc-subjectcodeFreemasonryA secret international society based on the principles of brotherhood, charity and mutual aid
12004000iptc-subjectcodeReligion-DEPRECATEDNA
12004001iptc-subjectcodeChristianity-DEPRECATEDNA
12004002iptc-subjectcodeIslam-DEPRECATEDNA
12004003iptc-subjectcodeJudaism-DEPRECATEDNA
12004004iptc-subjectcodeBuddhism-DEPRECATEDNA
12004005iptc-subjectcodeHinduism-DEPRECATEDNA
12005000iptc-subjectcodeChurch (organisation)-DEPRECATEDNA
12005001iptc-subjectcodeReligious facilities-DEPRECATEDNA
12006000iptc-subjectcodeValuesPersonal levels of social behaviour
12006001iptc-subjectcodeEthicsA system of beliefs about acceptable behaviour
12006002iptc-subjectcodeCorrupt practicesAny action which is harmful to others
12007000iptc-subjectcodeChurch and state relationsThe legal and social division between religious institutions and the affairs of state
12008000iptc-subjectcodePhilosophyDifferent thoughts about the way the world works
12009000iptc-subjectcodeChristianityThose that use Jesus Christ and his teachings as their centre of belief
12009001iptc-subjectcodeProtestantGeneral term for christian churches and religious communities which developed through the reformation in the 16th century
12009002iptc-subjectcodeLutheranChristians who follow the teaching of reformer Martin Luther
12009003iptc-subjectcodeReformedChristians who follow the teaching of reformers Johannes Calvin and Ulrich Zwingli
12009004iptc-subjectcodeAnglicanMembers of the worldwide anglican communion which started in the 16th century in England as a breakaway church from the roman catholic church
12009005iptc-subjectcodeMethodistFollowers of John and Charles Wesley who tried to reform the Church of England in the 18th century and turned into a separate church
12009006iptc-subjectcodeBaptistMembers of a christian church which only baptises adults who truly believe in Christ
12009007iptc-subjectcodeMennoniteMembers of a 16th century christian church which is against military service and baptising infants
12009009iptc-subjectcodeMormonMembers of a religious community which believes in the Book of Mormon and the revelations of founder M.J. Smith
12009010iptc-subjectcodeRoman catholicBiggest christian church worldwide tracing its origins back to Jesus Christ
12009011iptc-subjectcodeOld catholicMembers of a catholic church which started in 1870 and denies the dogma of the infallibility of the pope
12009012iptc-subjectcodeOrthodoxyEastern rite churches which are characterised by their continuity with the apostolic church, their liturgy and their territorial churches, mainly in eastern and south-eastern Europe and the Middle East
12009013iptc-subjectcodeSalvation armyChristian community organised in a military fashion which does missionary and social work
12010000iptc-subjectcodeIslamThose who use Allah and his teachings as their centre of belief
12011000iptc-subjectcodeJudaismA group believing in one god, basing their beliefs on written scriptures and the Talmud, including the first coming of the Messiah
12012000iptc-subjectcodeBuddhismA major Asian religion founded by Buddha in the 6th century BC in India and preaching that right thinking and self denial will lead to a divine state without desire
12013000iptc-subjectcodeHinduismA religious and social system, believing in a caste system with the Brahmans the highest and untouchables the lowest.
12014000iptc-subjectcodeReligious festival or holidayHoly day or day of observance in a religion which sometimes is a public holiday as well
12014001iptc-subjectcodeChristmasChristian festival in commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ
12014002iptc-subjectcodeEasterChristian festival in commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ
12014003iptc-subjectcodePentecostChristian festival, celebrated on the 50th day after Easter commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit
12014004iptc-subjectcodeRamadanHoly month of fasting in Islam
12014005iptc-subjectcodeYom kippurMost solemn of Jewish religious holidays, observed on the 10th day of the lunar month of tishri (in the course of September and October, when Jews seek reconciliation with god
12015001iptc-subjectcodePopeHead of the roman catholic church worldwide
12016000iptc-subjectcodeNature religionWorship of natural elements like fire, water, trees, mountains
12017000iptc-subjectcodeTaoismIndigenous religio-philosophical tradition that has shaped Chinese life for more than 2000 years
12019000iptc-subjectcodeSikhismThe religion of an Indian group, combining Hindu and Islamic elements, founded in the Punjab (or Panjab) in the late 15th century AD by Guru Nanak.
12020000iptc-subjectcodeJainismA religion of India that teaches a path to spiritual purity and enlightenment through a disciplined mode of life founded upon the tradition of ahimsa, non-violence to all living creatures. It began in the 7th-5th century BC.
12021000iptc-subjectcodeParsasmA religion in India following the Iranian prophet Zoroaster, mainly in Bombay, but also in Karachi (Pakistan).
12022000iptc-subjectcodeConfucianismThe way of life propagated by Confucius in the 6th-5th century BC and followed by the Chinese people for more than 2000 years. Its influence has extended to Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
12023000iptc-subjectcodeReligious textScriptures holy or important for a church or religion
12023001iptc-subjectcodeBibleSacred scriptures of Christianity consisting of the old and new testament
12023002iptc-subjectcodeQur'anHoly book of Islam
12023003iptc-subjectcodeTorahHoly scriptures of Judaism
12024000iptc-subjectcodeInterreligious dialogueAny form of communication between religions
12025000iptc-subjectcodeReligious eventNews regarding a religious event but not a festival or holiday
12025001iptc-subjectcodeCatholic conventionA catholic convention
12025002iptc-subjectcodeProtestant conventionA protestant convention
12025004iptc-subjectcodeRitualEstablished religious rituals such as mass, baptism, prayer meetings
12026000iptc-subjectcodeConcordatTreaty between the Holy See and another country for the regulation of ecclesiastical affairs in the territory of the latter
12027000iptc-subjectcodeEcumenismRelations between christian churches
13000000iptc-subjectcodeScience and technologyAll aspects pertaining to human understanding of nature and the physical world and the development and application of this knowledge
13001000iptc-subjectcodeApplied scienceStories about putting scientific knowledge to practical uses in the fields of the medical sciences, agriculture, domestic sciences as well as trades and crafts
13001001iptc-subjectcodePhysicsThe study of the properties and changes of matter
13001002iptc-subjectcodeChemistryThe study of the composition and reaction of substances
13001003iptc-subjectcodeCosmologyStudy of the organization and structure of the universe
13001004iptc-subjectcodeParticle physicsThe study of elementary particles and atomic nuclei through the use of high-energy particles
13002000iptc-subjectcodeEngineeringStories about putting scientific knowledge to practical uses in the fields of civil, electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering
13002001iptc-subjectcodeMaterial scienceThe study of materials used in manufacturing
13003000iptc-subjectcodeHuman scienceSociology, psychology, anthropology and political science
13003001iptc-subjectcodeSocial sciencesThe study of people living in groups, as families, tribes and communities
13003002iptc-subjectcodeHistoryThe study of human events of the past
13003003iptc-subjectcodePsychologyThe study of the human mind and mental and emotional processes
13003004iptc-subjectcodeSociologyThe study of human social relations, organization and change
13003005iptc-subjectcodeAnthropologyThe study of human beings in groups or societies
13004000iptc-subjectcodeNatural scienceAstronomy, astrophysics, physics, chemistry, earth sciences, palaeontology, biological sciences, botany and zoology, as well as mathematics
13004001iptc-subjectcodeGeologyThe study of Earth's physical processes
13004002iptc-subjectcodePaleontologyThe study of ancient animals
13004003iptc-subjectcodeGeographyThe study of the surface of Earth and its political divisions
13004004iptc-subjectcodeBotanyThe study of plants
13004005iptc-subjectcodeZoologyThe study of animals
13004006iptc-subjectcodePhysiologyThe study of vital processes of living organisms
13004007iptc-subjectcodeAstronomyThe study of the stars and planets
13004008iptc-subjectcodeBiologyThe study of living organisms
13005000iptc-subjectcodePhilosophical sciencePhilosophy, logic and ethics, among others
13006000iptc-subjectcodeResearchMethodical investigation of events, procedures etc to explain why they occur, or to find solutions for problems
13006001iptc-subjectcodeSurveyExamination of public attitudes on various subjects or issues, such as the quality of goods, the value of services etc.
13007000iptc-subjectcodeScientific explorationMethodical land, sea and space journeys to discover new information about them
13008000iptc-subjectcodeSpace programmeThe government's organized effort for the exploration of outer space and the bodies therein
13009000iptc-subjectcodeScience (general)Establishing and systematizing information about nature and the physical world through observation, experimentation and hypothesis
13010000iptc-subjectcodeTechnology (general)The study of the practical or industrial arts, and applied sciences such as physics, hydrodynamics and thermodynamics
13010001iptc-subjectcodeRocketryThe development of rockets
13010002iptc-subjectcodeLaserThe development and use of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
13012000iptc-subjectcodeAnimal scienceScience involving animals
13013000iptc-subjectcodeMicro scienceThe multi-disciplinary areas of nanotechnology and Micro-Electrical Mechanical Systems.
13014000iptc-subjectcodeMarine scienceThe multi-disciplinary research areas involving the worlds' waterways and oceans. This could include hyper-spectral sensing of ice flows, fisheries studies and underwater research.
13015000iptc-subjectcodeWeather scienceAll scientific aspects of the weather and climate.
13017000iptc-subjectcodeIdentification technologyIncludes biometrics, new computer-based identification cards, retinal scans, face scanning and mobile augmented reality systems (MARS) and other ways technology can identify individuals. Also technology vs. the privacy of personal information.
13018000iptc-subjectcodeMathematicsThe study of quantities and shapes and their symbolic relationships.
13019000iptc-subjectcodeBiotechnologyManipulating natural organisms for scientific, medical or agricultural purposes
13020000iptc-subjectcodeAgricultural research and technologyPertaining to the growing of crops and management of farm animals
13021000iptc-subjectcodeNanotechnologyManipulating objects at the molecular scale
13022000iptc-subjectcodeIT/computer sciencesThe study and design of computer systems and networks.
13023000iptc-subjectcodeScientific institutionsInstitutions that carry out or govern scientific work (e.g. National Academy of Arts and Sciences )
14000000iptc-subjectcodeSocial issueAspects of the behaviour of humans affecting the quality of life.
14001000iptc-subjectcodeAddictionThe habitual and often uncontrollable use of harmful substances such as alcohol, tobacco and pharmaceuticals or drugs
14002000iptc-subjectcodeCharityPhilanthropic giving
14003000iptc-subjectcodeDemographicsThe study of people and here they live and how they interact
14003001iptc-subjectcodePopulation and censusPopulation is the number of people in a geographical region and census is the process of counting them
14003002iptc-subjectcodeImmigrationMovement of individuals from one country to the other
14003003iptc-subjectcodeIllegal immigrantsMovement of individuals from one country to the other by illicit means
14003004iptc-subjectcodeEmigrantsPeople who leave their country of origin, their relationship with their country of origin and their association with fellow emigrants
14004000iptc-subjectcodeDisabledBeing incapacitated either physically, emotionally or mentally
14005000iptc-subjectcodeEuthanasia (also includes assisted suicide)Voluntary death with the aid of another
14005001iptc-subjectcodeSuicideDeath by one's own hand
14006000iptc-subjectcodeFamilyA group of individuals related by blood or marriage
14006001iptc-subjectcodeParent and childTwo or more individuals with a hierarchical familial relationship
14006002iptc-subjectcodeAdoptionA legal process of bringing a child with no supporting parents into a supportive union
14006003iptc-subjectcodeMarriageThe union of two individuals who pledge fidelity, respect and support for each other
14006004iptc-subjectcodeDivorceThe process by which a marriage is dissolved
14006005iptc-subjectcodeSexThe classification of individuals as either male or female. Or conjugal relationship between two individuals.
14006006iptc-subjectcodeCourtshipPreliminaries of wooing and winning a partner
14007000iptc-subjectcodeFamily planningConscious decisions and efforts involving reproduction
14008000iptc-subjectcodeHealth insuranceInsurance covering extraordinary medical costs
14009000iptc-subjectcodeHomelessnessLacking a fixed place of residence
14010000iptc-subjectcodeMinority groupA group of people classified by race, language, religion or other characteristic numerically smaller than others of the same classification
14010001iptc-subjectcodeGays and lesbiansThose that consider themselves attracted to their same gender in an erotic or sensual or similar way.
14010002iptc-subjectcodeNational or ethnic minorityGroups of people that form a minority on ethnic or national basis, their status, problems and relations to the majority
14011000iptc-subjectcodePornographyAudio or visual depictions of various sex related acts considered outside accepted community standards
14012000iptc-subjectcodePovertyHaving insufficient resources to provide for basic services to oneself or family
14013000iptc-subjectcodeProstitutionSex for sale, either male or female, and those who profit from it
14014000iptc-subjectcodeRacismHarmful attitudes toward another group based on racial differences
14015000iptc-subjectcodeWelfareGenerally government help for those in need of food, housing health and other services
14016000iptc-subjectcodeAbortionUsually the planned disruption of the process of reproduction of human life
14017000iptc-subjectcodeMissing personA person who is not where they are expected to be for a period of time
14017001iptc-subjectcodeMissing due to hostilitiesPeople, both civilian and military, missing during or after hostilities
14018000iptc-subjectcodeLong term careExtensive health care because of serious illness or disability
14019000iptc-subjectcodeJuvenile delinquencyIncidents involving perpetrators who are minors.
14020000iptc-subjectcodeNuclear radiation victimsIncludes antinuclear movements and compensation for atomic blast victims.
15005013iptc-subjectcodeOne hourWalking as far as possible in the time of one hour
14023000iptc-subjectcodeDeath and dyingDying is the route to death. Death is the state you are in when there are no signs that you can function as a human being either physically or mentally
14024000iptc-subjectcodePeopleIndividuals as a whole, sometimes broken down into various classes, such as indigenous people, people of class etc
14024001iptc-subjectcodeChildrenImmature people, usually up to the age of puberty
14024002iptc-subjectcodeInfantsThose people from birth until ages of one or two, usually when they begin walking
14024003iptc-subjectcodeTeen-agersPeople aged 13 to 19 years of age
14024004iptc-subjectcodeAdultsPeople aged 20 and above
14024005iptc-subjectcodeSenior citizensPeople aged 60 or 65 and older
14025000iptc-subjectcodeSocial issues (general)Issues affecting a number of individuals in their daily lives like housing, food, education, personal relationships
14025001iptc-subjectcodeSocial conditionsConditions under which people live in terms of housing, water supply, availability of education
14025002iptc-subjectcodeSocial problemsIssues affecting the lives of individuals such as housing, education nutrition, communication etc
14025003iptc-subjectcodeDiscriminationDenial of services to one or more people because of race, colour, sexual identity, religion, political beliefs etc
14025004iptc-subjectcodeSocial servicesGovernment supported programs to improve the well-being of individuals or groups of individuals
14025005iptc-subjectcodeDeath penalty policiesNational or international polices regarding death sentences
14026000iptc-subjectcodeOrdnance clearanceThe removal or neutralization of ordnance such as landmines or cluster bombs, remaining after a war or armed conflict
14027000iptc-subjectcodeReconstructionThe reconstruction of economy, infrastructure and property, as well as life in general, after a war or natural disaster
15000000iptc-subjectcodeSportCompetitive exercise involving physical effort. Organizations and bodies involved in these activities.
15001000iptc-subjectcodeAero and aviation sportParachuting, freefall (parapente, delta-plane), gliding, aerostat, motorised flight (airplane, ultra light craft, helicopter)
15001001iptc-subjectcodeParachutingParachuting competitions: precision landings, voltige, individual and team
15001002iptc-subjectcodeSky divingParachuting competitions involving sky-diving
15002000iptc-subjectcodeAlpine skiingSkiing downhill on snow-covered slopes as fast as possible. The slopes contain intermediate gates which are spaced according to the discipline involved
15002001iptc-subjectcodeDownhillSkiing at top speed down a steep slope with interspersed turns but no gates. The fastest wins.
15002002iptc-subjectcodeGiant slalomSkiing down a slope, but with more turns and bends than in super-G skiing. The fastest wins.
15002003iptc-subjectcodeSuper GSkiing down a steep slope, but with more turns and bends than in the downhill. The fastest wins.
15002004iptc-subjectcodeSlalomSkiers must zig-zag their way down a slope with closely positioned gates which they must negotiate. It is run over two legs with the combined fastest winning.
15002005iptc-subjectcodeCombinedRace, usually competed over two days that combines a downhill leg and a slalom leg rewarding the most complete skiers. Combined fastest time wins.
15003000iptc-subjectcodeAmerican footballTeam ball game that opposes two teams that have attack sections and defence sections. Each attack goes up against the other defence and attempts to move an oval-shaped ball down the field and into the end-zone to mark a touchdown and earn points.
15003001iptc-subjectcode(US) National Football League (NFL) (North American)The association of professional American football teams
15003002iptc-subjectcodeCFLThe Canadian Football League (CFL), also known as Ligue Canadienne de Football (LCF), is a professional league located entirely in Canada that plays Canadian football.
15003003iptc-subjectcodeAFL-DEPRECATEDThe American Football League (AFL) was a professional league of American football that operated from 1960 to 1969. In 1970, the AFL merged with the National Football League.
15004000iptc-subjectcodeArcheryArchers use bows and arrows to aim at targets 1.22 metres in diameter which are on average 70 metres distant.
15004001iptc-subjectcodeFITA / Outdoor target archeryThe competition is held outdoors on an open (flat) field, at various fixed distances. The archery competition in the Olympic Games is a part of the FITA outdoor target archery program.
15004002iptc-subjectcodeCrossbow shootingShooting with crossbow on targets from different distances
15005000iptc-subjectcodeAthletics, track and fieldCompetitions involving foot races, jumping and throwing which can be on a track inside a stadium or on outside roads
15005001iptc-subjectcode100 mRunning over a distance of 100 metres with the fastest time winning
15005002iptc-subjectcode200 mRunning over a distance of 200 metres with the fastest time winning
15005003iptc-subjectcode400 mRunning over a distance of 400 metres with the fastest time winning
15005004iptc-subjectcode800 mRunning over a distance of 800 metres with the fastest time winning
15005005iptc-subjectcode1000 mRunning over a distance of 1000 metres with the fastest time winning
15005006iptc-subjectcode1500 mRunning over a distance of 1000 metres with the fastest time winning
15005007iptc-subjectcodeMileRunning over a distance of one mile with the fastest time winning
15005008iptc-subjectcode2000 mRunning over a distance of 2000 metres with the fastest time winning
15005009iptc-subjectcode3000 mRunning over a distance of 3000 metres with the fastest time winning
15005017iptc-subjectcode400 m hurdlesRace consisting of covering 400 metres as fast as possible while jumping over 10 hurdles placed on the track
15005019iptc-subjectcodeHigh jumpCompetitors jump as high as possible over a bar which is raised each time they clear the height. The highest clearance wins.
15005020iptc-subjectcodePole vaultCompetitors use a flexible pole to propel themselves feet-first into the air and clear a bar which is raised higher at each round of jumps.
15005021iptc-subjectcodeLong jumpCompetitors build up speed over a short sprint and them attempt to jump as far forward as they can from a given point into sand trap. The longest jump wins.
15005022iptc-subjectcodeTriple jumpCompetitors build up speed over a short sprint and then attempt to jump as far forward as they can using a hop, skip and a jump technique. The longest jump wins.
15005023iptc-subjectcodeShot putCompetitors stand in a circle with a 2.13 metres diameter and attempt to throw a metal ball weighing 7.26 kg for men and 4kg for women as far as possible. The longest throw wins.
15005024iptc-subjectcodeDiscus throwCompetitors stand in a netted circle with a 2.50 metres diameter and with a turning motion attempt to throw a discus weighing 2kg for men and 1kg for women as far as possible. The longest throw wins.
15005025iptc-subjectcodeHammer throwCompetitors throw a hammer consisting of a metal ball, chain and handle as far as they can from a netted circle which is 2.13 metres in diameter. The hammer weighs 7.26 kg for men and 4 kg for women.
15005026iptc-subjectcodeJavelin throwCompetitors in a specially-designated throwing area attempt to fling a spear-like javelin as far as possible. The javelin weighs 800 grammes for men and 600 grammes for women.
15005027iptc-subjectcodeDecathlonIndividual men's competition which involves accumulating points in 10 different disciplines over two days: 1st day - 100m, long-jump, shot-putt, high-jump, 400m. 2nd day - 110m hurdles, discus, pole-vault, javelin and 1,500 metres.
15005028iptc-subjectcode4x100 mTeam race involving four runners each covering 100 metres.
15005029iptc-subjectcode4x200 mTeam race involving four runners each covering 200 metres.
15005030iptc-subjectcode4x400 mTeam race involving four runners each covering 400 metres.
15005031iptc-subjectcode4x800 mTeam race involving four runners each covering 800 metres.
15005032iptc-subjectcode4x1500 mTeam race involving four runners each covering 1500 metres.
15005033iptc-subjectcodeWalk 1 hOne-hour long race where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005034iptc-subjectcodeWalk 2 hTwo-hour long walking race where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005035iptc-subjectcode10 km walkWalking race over 10 kilometres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005036iptc-subjectcode15 km walkWalking race over 15 kilometres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005037iptc-subjectcode20 km walkWalking race over 20 kilometres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005038iptc-subjectcode30 km walkWalking race over 30 kilometres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005039iptc-subjectcode50 km walkWalking race over 50 kilometres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005040iptc-subjectcode100 m hurdlesSprint over a distance of 100 metres with competitors having to clear 10 hurdles placed in their way.
15005041iptc-subjectcode5 km walkWalking race over 5 kilometres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005042iptc-subjectcodeHeptathlonIndividual women's competition involving seven separate disciplines over two days. 1st day - 100m hurdles, high-jump, shot-putt, 200 metres. 2nd day - long-jump, javelin, 800 metres.
15005043iptc-subjectcode1500 m walkWalking race over 1500 metres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005044iptc-subjectcode2000 m walkWalking race over 2000 metres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005045iptc-subjectcode3000 m walkWalking race over 3000 metres where competitors must maintain at least one foot in contact with the ground and are not allowed to run.
15005046iptc-subjectcode50 mShort sprint race over 50 metres with the fastest time winning.
15005047iptc-subjectcode50 m hurdlesShort sprint race over 50 metres interspersed with hurdles.
15005048iptc-subjectcode50 yardsShort sprint race over 50 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005049iptc-subjectcode50 yard hurdlesShort sprint race over 50 yards interspersed with hurdles.
15005050iptc-subjectcode60 mShort sprint race over 60 metres with the fastest time winning.
15005051iptc-subjectcode60 m hurdlesShort sprint race over 60 metres interspersed with hurdles.
15005052iptc-subjectcode60 yardsShort sprint race over 60 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005053iptc-subjectcode60 yard hurdlesShort sprint race over 60 yards interspersed with hurdles.
15005054iptc-subjectcode100 yardsSprint race over 100 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005055iptc-subjectcode100 yard hurdlesSprint race over 100 yards interspersed with hurdles.
15005056iptc-subjectcode300 mRace over 300 metres with the fastest time winning.
15005057iptc-subjectcode300 yardsRace over 300 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005058iptc-subjectcode440 yardsRace over 440 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005060iptc-subjectcode500 yardsRace over 500 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005061iptc-subjectcode600 mRace over 600 metres with the fastest time winning.
15005062iptc-subjectcode600 yardsRace over 600 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005063iptc-subjectcode880 yardsRace over 880 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005064iptc-subjectcode1000 yardsRace over 1000 yards with the fastest time winning.
15005065iptc-subjectcode2 milesRace over two miles with the fastest time winning.
15005066iptc-subjectcode3 milesRace over three miles with the fastest time winning.
15005067iptc-subjectcode6 milesRace over six miles with the fastest time winning.
15005068iptc-subjectcode4x1 mileTeam Relay race with four runners on each team running for one mile.
15005069iptc-subjectcodePentathlonOnly indoor, 60m hurdles, high jump, shot put, long jump, 800 m
15007000iptc-subjectcodeBaseballA game between two teams of nine played on an enclosed ground. The team which scores the most points wins. A point is scored when a player runs around the ground marked out by four bases.
15007001iptc-subjectcodeMajor League Baseball (North American Professional) - American LeagueBaseball league comprising 14 teams.
15007002iptc-subjectcodeMajor League Baseball (North American Professional) - National LeagueBaseball league comprising 16 teams.
15007003iptc-subjectcodeMajor League Baseball (North American Professional) - Special (e.g. All-Star, World Series)Baseball competition other than the World Series.
15007004iptc-subjectcodeRubberball baseballSometimes called ''soft baseball,'' the game is played with a rubber baseball of varying degrees of hardness depending upon the age and level of the players.
15007005iptc-subjectcodeMajor League Baseball PlayoffsConsists of several rounds of play to determine representatives to the U.S.-based World Series
15007006iptc-subjectcodeWorld SeriesU.S.-based annual series of games between the top two teams of Major League Baseball to determine the overall champion
15008000iptc-subjectcodeBasketballGame played between two teams of five - points are scored by placing the large inflated ball into a net fixed on a ring 3.05m above the ground.
15008001iptc-subjectcodeNational Basketball Association (North American Professional)The NBA is the umbrella organisation running professional basketball in the United States. The NBA is made up of two conferences (east and west), four divisions (Atlantic and Central for the East, and Midwest and Pacific for the west).
15008002iptc-subjectcodeProfessional - Women generalWomen's professional league
15008003iptc-subjectcodeSwiss netballSimilar to Basketball. Basket without a board. Mainly executed by women
15008004iptc-subjectcodeGerman netballSame as Swiss Netball, but with specific German rules
15008005iptc-subjectcodeDutch netballSame as Swiss Netball, but with specific Dutch rule
15009000iptc-subjectcodeBiathlonA combination of cross country skiing and target shooting in a pursuit format.
15009001iptc-subjectcode7.5 kmTimed cross country skiing race. Competitors set off at 30sec intervals for three circuits totalling 7.5km.
15009002iptc-subjectcode10 kmSprint races for men, pursuit for women.
15009003iptc-subjectcode15 kmIndividual women's race in sprint format staged over three laps with competitors setting off at intervals of a minute.
15009004iptc-subjectcode20 kmIndividual men's race in sprint format staged over five laps with competitors setting off at intervals of a minute.
15009005iptc-subjectcode4x7.5 km relayTeams consisting of four biathletes with each team covering a distance of 7.5km with two rounds of target shooting.
15009006iptc-subjectcode12.5 km pursuitThe start is determined by the results from the sprint. A race held over five laps with target shooting (standing or prone)
15010000iptc-subjectcodeBilliards, snooker and poolA game played on a flat table covered with a cloth (baize) where players hit balls according to specific rules using a wooden cue.
15010001iptc-subjectcode8 ballA game using 15 balls and a white. The first player aims to pot the balls numbered 1-7 (solids) with the second player potting balls 9-15 (stripes). After that the first player to pot the black wins.
15010002iptc-subjectcode9 ballA game played with nine balls numbered 1-9, and a white. On each turn the player must hit the lowest numbered ball.
15010003iptc-subjectcode14.1A player nominates the ball he is attempting to pot and into which pocket. He collects points for each successful hit. He continues until he makes a mistake. Before hitting the 15th ball, the 14 reds are set up again in the triangle.
15010004iptc-subjectcodeContinuous-DEPRECATEDNA
15010005iptc-subjectcodeOther-DEPRECATEDNA
15010006iptc-subjectcodeSnookerTwo players using a cue and a white ball to sink other coloured balls in a correct order on a baize table and to cause an opponent to miss-hit by positioning the white ball in an inappropriate place - snookering.
15011000iptc-subjectcodeBobsleighIn bobsleigh two or four persons race down a course sitting in a sled that consists of a main hull, a frame, two axles and sets of runners. The total time of all heats in a competition is added together to determine the winner.
15011001iptc-subjectcodeTwo-man sledrace consisting of a team of two competitors
15011002iptc-subjectcodeFour-man sledrace consisting of a team of four competitors
15012000iptc-subjectcodeBowlingA game in which a player scores points by trying to knock down ten 'pins' using a ball - if unsuccessful the player has a second attempt. A game consists of ten frames.
15013000iptc-subjectcodeBowls and petanqueA game in which players throw bowls at a target, the winner being the player who lands closest.
15019007iptc-subjectcodeMadison raceA points race by teams comprising two cyclists in relay-format.
15014001iptc-subjectcodeSuper-heavyweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014002iptc-subjectcodeHeavyweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014003iptc-subjectcodeCruiserweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014004iptc-subjectcodeLight-heavyweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014005iptc-subjectcodeSuper-middleweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014006iptc-subjectcodeMiddleweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014007iptc-subjectcodeLight-middleweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014008iptc-subjectcodeWelterweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014009iptc-subjectcodeLight-welterweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014010iptc-subjectcodeLightweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014011iptc-subjectcodeSuper-featherweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014012iptc-subjectcodeFeatherweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014013iptc-subjectcodeSuper-bantamweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014014iptc-subjectcodeBantamweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014015iptc-subjectcodeSuper-flyweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014016iptc-subjectcodeFlyweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014017iptc-subjectcodeLight flyweightWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014018iptc-subjectcodeStrawWeight category in boxing which varies according to the federation
15014019iptc-subjectcodeIBFInternational boxing federation
15014020iptc-subjectcodeWBAWorld boxing association
15014021iptc-subjectcodeWBCWorld boxing council
15014022iptc-subjectcodeWBOWorld boxing organisation
15014023iptc-subjectcodeFrench boxingCombat sport in which kicking with all parts of the feet are permitted and punching with the front of the fist is also allowed
15014024iptc-subjectcodeThai boxingForm of boxing involving punches with fists, feet, knees, elbows and legs.
15015000iptc-subjectcodeCanoeing and kayakingraces in either 'white' or 'dead' water
15015001iptc-subjectcodeSlalomWhite water course set out with gates consisting of two poles suspended vertically over the water. Competitors must negotiate the gates or face penalties
15015002iptc-subjectcode200 mrace held over 200m
15015003iptc-subjectcode500 mrace held over 500m
15015004iptc-subjectcode1000 mrace held over 1000m
15015005iptc-subjectcodeK1an enclosed boat with the competitor sitting on a fixed seat for one person using a double bladed paddle
15015006iptc-subjectcodeK2an enclosed boat with the competitor sitting on a fixed seat for two people using double bladed paddles.
15015007iptc-subjectcodeK4an enclosed boat with the competitor sitting on a fixed seat for four people using double bladed paddles.
15015008iptc-subjectcodeC1One-seater canoe (open boat with competitor using a single bladed paddle.
15015009iptc-subjectcodeC2Two-seater canoe (open boat) - competitors use a single bladed paddle.
15015010iptc-subjectcodeC4Four-seater canoe (open boat) with each competitor using a single bladed paddle.
15015011iptc-subjectcodeCanoe sailingA race involving a canoe equipped with a sail.
15015012iptc-subjectcodePontonieringTeam sport, military tradition, similar to canoe regatta, in boats
15016000iptc-subjectcodeClimbingmountain sports
15016001iptc-subjectcodeMountaineeringAlpine climbing
15016002iptc-subjectcodeSport climbingSport climbing as a special category: individual competition, on an artificial wall with time measurement
15017000iptc-subjectcodeCricketBall sport involving two teams of 11 players, balls, bats and wickets. The aim is to score as many runs as possible, and to get the opposing team 'out'. A 'run' involves a player running between two wickets. The opposing team try to get their rivals 'out'
15018000iptc-subjectcodeCurlingA game played on ice with large flat round stones. A player throws the stone, aiming at a target. Team mates of the player who has thrown the stone can sweep the ice in front of the stone to help smooth its path towards the target.
15018001iptc-subjectcodeIcestock sportSimilar to curling, played on targets on ice, different stones with straight handle and different rules, played in alpine countries
15019000iptc-subjectcodeCyclingA race over a given distance on bicycles.
15019001iptc-subjectcodeTrackA race staged on a track in a velodrome
15019002iptc-subjectcodePursuitTwo cyclists or teams set off from midway down opposite straights and try to make up the gap between them.
15019003iptc-subjectcodeOlympic sprintQualifying race held over 200m. From the quarter-finals two cyclists go head-to-heads. By teams races consist of three cyclists from different countries.
15019004iptc-subjectcodeSprintRaces between two cyclists over two or three laps, with a timed sprint finish over the last 200m.
15019005iptc-subjectcodeKeirinSprint between six cyclists where a pacemaker on a moped gradually increases the pace over the first 1400m. When the pacemaker leaves the track the race develops into a sprint finish over the final 6-700m.
15019006iptc-subjectcodePoints raceCyclists aim to complete the highest number of laps. Bonus points are picked up in intermediate sprints held every 2500m.
15019009iptc-subjectcode1 km time trialIndividual race over 1000m against the clock for men.
15019010iptc-subjectcodeOne hourCompetitors aim to complete as many kilometres as possible in one hour.
15019011iptc-subjectcodeRoad raceRoad race with all the competitor starting en masse.
15019013iptc-subjectcodeStaging raceA race disputed by teams with the classifications determined by the combined times over a day.
15019014iptc-subjectcodeCyclo-crossStaged on various surfaces - earth, grass, sand or tarmac.
15019015iptc-subjectcodeVttMountain bikes
15019016iptc-subjectcodeVtt-crossAn endurance race on mountain bikes around a 10km circuit over various terrain and with different degrees of slopes. Competitors are not allowed any exterior help.
15019017iptc-subjectcodeVtt-downhillIndividual mountain bike race against the clock staged on a downhill circuit featuring obstacles.
15019018iptc-subjectcodeBi-crossingA race where competitors have to cover a circuit with obstacles as quickly as possible.
15019019iptc-subjectcodeTrialA timed race in which competitors on mountain bikes must negotiate tricky terrain and obstacles without putting their feet down.
15019020iptc-subjectcodeArtistic cyclingIndividual or teams on one or two bicycles in an arena. Points are awarded by a jury.
15019021iptc-subjectcodeCycle ballCompetitive team sport using bicycles. One team against another with two persons per team. The aim is for competitors to move the ball using the front and rear wheels without letting their feet touch the ground.
15020000iptc-subjectcodeDancingDancing competition where couples are judged on technique and interpretation.
15021000iptc-subjectcodeDivingCompetitors dive off a fixed or spring board and are assessed by seven judges giving marks up to ten for their acrobatic moves.
15021001iptc-subjectcode10 m platformDivers take off from a ten metre high platform.
15021002iptc-subjectcode10 m platform synchronisedTwo competitors from the same team dive off at the same time from separate platforms. As well as being judged on the standard criteria they are also awarded marks for synchronisation.
15021003iptc-subjectcode3 m springboardDivers dive from a three-metre high springboard.
15021004iptc-subjectcode3 m springboard synchronisedTwo competitors from the same team dive off at the same time from separate three-metre high springboards. As well as being judged on the standard criteria they are also awarded marks for synchronisation.
15021005iptc-subjectcodeSubaquaticsSports like hockey held under water
15021006iptc-subjectcodeScuba divingDiving into different depths, with time measurement
15022000iptc-subjectcodeEquestrianSport involving a horse and rider.
15022001iptc-subjectcodeThree-day eventEquestrian event involving three disciplines - Dressage, cross-country and show jumping.
15022002iptc-subjectcodeDressageA rider is judged on a series of moves at three different paces - walk, trot and gallop.
15022003iptc-subjectcodeJumpingA rider and horse attempt to jump a series of obstacles in an enclosed arena against the clock.
15022004iptc-subjectcodeCross countryEquestrian event held on a designated circuit in the countryside featuring artificial and natural obstacles.
15023000iptc-subjectcodeFencingCombat sport using a sword or foil.
15023001iptc-subjectcodeEpeecategory of fencing using a weapon with a triangular cross-section blade and a large bell guard.
15023002iptc-subjectcodeFoilcategory of fencing using a weapon with a rectangular cross-section blade and a small bell guard.
15023003iptc-subjectcodeSabrea fencing weapon with a flat blade and knuckle guard used with cutting or thrusting moves.
15024000iptc-subjectcodeField HockeyA ball sport involving two teams of 11 players using curved sticks. The aim is to score as many goals as possible.
15024001iptc-subjectcodeRoll hockeyTeam sport similar to ice hockey, executed on 4 wheel roller skates with sticks and a ball
15025000iptc-subjectcodeFigure SkatingTo obtain the best marks possible from nine judges who award scores after two prepared sections - both skated to music - during which competitors must attempt to achieve the greatest possible harmony between artistic flair and technical precision.
15025001iptc-subjectcodeSinglesThe individual events comprise a short program which counts for 33.3% of the score, and the free skate which is worth 66.7%.
15025002iptc-subjectcodePairsThe pairs event comprise a short program which counts for 33.3% of the score, and the free skate which is worth 66.7%.
15025003iptc-subjectcodeIce danceTakes place over three days with, in order, two compulsory dances, the original dance (2min 30sec) and the free dance (4min).
15026000iptc-subjectcodeFreestyle SkiingCompetitors perform a series of breathtaking acrobatic leaps from a prepared jump. Combined with moguls, jumps and ski ballet.
15026001iptc-subjectcodeMogulsContestants attack a heavily moguled slope, performing technically challenging turns and jumps, while maintaining the most direct line from the top to the bottom of the hill.
15026002iptc-subjectcodeAerialsCompetitors perform a series of aerial twists and turns from a prepared jump.
15026003iptc-subjectcodeArtistic skiingCompetitors perform a series of artistic moves (jumps and twists) all set to music. The use of ski poles is permitted.
15027000iptc-subjectcodeGolfCompetitors attempt to hit a small white ball with different clubs around a course of 18 holes varying in distance. The object is to make the fewest strokes possible.
15028000iptc-subjectcodeGymnasticsA sport consisting of a variety of disciplines in which gymnasts perform artistic and acrobatic moves on different apparatus. There are 6 disciplines for men and 4 for women.
15028001iptc-subjectcodeFloor exerciseA gymnastics floor exercise on a 12m/sq matt.
15028002iptc-subjectcodeVaultgymnasts propel themselves by jumping on a trampoline after running quickly down a 25m lane
15028004iptc-subjectcodeUneven barsGymnasts run through an airborne routine swinging around and between the uneven bars.
15028005iptc-subjectcodeParallel barsGymnasts swing and turn with guile and grace around the parallel bars.
15028006iptc-subjectcodeHorizontal barGymnasts turn, spin and perform pirouettes around the horizontal bar.
15028007iptc-subjectcodeRingsGymnasts perform feats of balance and strength from two suspended rings.
15028008iptc-subjectcodeBeamGymnasts perform leaps and flips from the much feared balance beam just 10 cm wide.
15028009iptc-subjectcodeRhythmicA mixture of dance and gymnastic moves.
15028010iptc-subjectcodeClubsDance and gymnastic moves whilst juggling clubs.
15028011iptc-subjectcodeHoopA hoop is rolled and thrown whilst performing a dance routine.
15028012iptc-subjectcodeRibbonGymnasts work through a pre-arranged routine whilst manipulating a spectacular length of ribbon.
15028013iptc-subjectcodeRopeJump and figure movements are performed while a rope is manipulated.
15028014iptc-subjectcodeBallAn exercise based on suppleness of the body using a ball.
15028015iptc-subjectcodeTrampolineCompetitors perform complicated twists and turns whilst bouncing on the trampoline.
15029000iptc-subjectcodeHandball (team)A ball game using the hands contested by two teams of seven trying to throw the ball into the opponents goal.
15030000iptc-subjectcodeHorse racing, harness racingMounted horse races.
15030001iptc-subjectcodeFlat racingA horse race over a flat course.
15030003iptc-subjectcodeTrottingHorses pitched to a jockeyed buggy race in a trot round a flat course.
15030004iptc-subjectcodeCross countryA long distance race including rustic obstacles such as real fences, streams and fallen trees.
15031000iptc-subjectcodeIce hockeyTwo teams of six heavily padded skaters try and outscore each other by hitting a puck into the opponents goal.
15031001iptc-subjectcodeNational Hockey League (North American)Teams from the US and Canada make up the North American continents top league.
15031002iptc-subjectcodeSledge hockeyLike ice hockey but instead of skates small sledges are used. Competitors move by pushing with the arms
15032000iptc-subjectcodeJai Alai (Pelota)Because of the game organization, the proper identification of a specific game may require the combination of 2 subject details
15032001iptc-subjectcodeFrontonThe fronton known as Fronton Place Libre consists of a rectangular outdoor court plus a large pink shaped wall at one end. The two sides and the other end are left opened.
15032002iptc-subjectcodeJai-alaiA Jaï-Alai is an indoor fronton with a 56 meters long court which is used exclusively to play chistera-ancha. Three walls are used in the game: the front, the back and the left hand wall.
15032003iptc-subjectcodeLeft wallA fronton with left hand wall is an indoor fronton with a 36 meters long court where Pala or Main Nue are played. Three walls are used in the game: the front, the back and the left hand wall.
15032004iptc-subjectcodeTrinquetA Trinquet is an indoor fronton with a 28.5 meters long court surrounded by four walls. The four walls are used in the game.
15032005iptc-subjectcodeRebotThe rebot is the game played in a fronton place libre with 5 players in each team. They use a chistera (56 cm long and 12 cm large) or bare hands.
15032006iptc-subjectcodeChistera anchaThe chistera-ancha also called the cesta punta is the game played in a jaï alai with 1 or 2 players in each team. The players use a long curved basket called the chistera (68 cm long and 13 cm wide).
15032007iptc-subjectcodeChistera cortaThe chistera-corta is the game played in a fronton place libre with left hand wall and 3 players in each team. The players use a long curved basket called the chistera (56 cm long and 12 cm wide).
15032008iptc-subjectcodeBare handThe Main Nue (bare hand) is the ancestor of all Basque sports.
15032009iptc-subjectcodePala-anchaThe pala-ancha is the game played in a fronton place libre with 2 players in each team. The players use a heavy wooden bat the pala (50 cm long and 20 cm wide).
15032010iptc-subjectcodePala-cortaThe pala-corta is the game played in a fronton with left hand wall and 2 players in each team. The players use a heavy wooden bat the pala-corta (50 cm long and 10 cm wide). The pala is the name for a heavy wooden bat.
15032011iptc-subjectcodePasakaThe pasaka is the name of the game played in a trinquet by teams of 2 players facing each other on each side of a net where the pelota is hit between opponents.
15032012iptc-subjectcodeXareThe xare, is the name of the game played in a trinquet by teams of 2 players. The players use a xare (or the Argentina bat) 55 cm long and 16 cm wide.
15033000iptc-subjectcodeJudoA defensive martial art.
15033001iptc-subjectcodeHeavyweightWeight categoriy in Judo: open but usually over 100kg for men and over 78kg for women
15033002iptc-subjectcodeHalf-heavyweightWeight categoriy in Judo: up to 100kg for men and 78kg for women.
15033003iptc-subjectcodeMiddleweightWeight categoriy in Judo: up to 90kg for men and 70kg for women.
15033004iptc-subjectcodeHalf-middleweightWeight categoriy in Judo: up to 81kg for men and 63kg for women.
15033005iptc-subjectcodeHalf-lightweightWeight categoriy in Judo: up to 73kg for men and 57kg for women.
15033006iptc-subjectcodeLightweightWeight categoriy in Judo: up to 66kg for men and 52kg for women.
15033007iptc-subjectcodeExtra lightweightWeight categoriy in Judo: up to 60kg for men and 48kg for women.
15034000iptc-subjectcodeKarateA martial art where chops, punches, kicks and throws are used to defeat an opponent.
15034001iptc-subjectcodeSparringBoxing without competition, with padded helmets
15036001iptc-subjectcodeSinglesindividual time trial event in a one seater luge
15036002iptc-subjectcodeDoublestime trial for a twin berth luge
15037000iptc-subjectcodeMarathonA road race where competitors run 42.195km, generally through city streets
15038000iptc-subjectcodeModern pentathlonThe Modern Pentathlon comprises five events run over a single day in the following order: shooting, fencing, swimming, horse riding and running.
15038001iptc-subjectcodeRunningPentathlon event
15038002iptc-subjectcodeShootingPentathlon event
15038003iptc-subjectcodeSwimmingPentathlon event
15038004iptc-subjectcodeFencingPentathlon event
15038005iptc-subjectcodeShowjumpingPentathlon event
15039000iptc-subjectcodeMotor racingMotor racing where speed and trusty mechanics are key
15039001iptc-subjectcodeFormula OneSingle cockpit car racing where 20 or so competitors race head to head over varied circuits around the world to win Grand Prix points in an individual and constructors championship
15039002iptc-subjectcodeF3000Using less powerful motors than the Formula One, designated construction teams race over varied circuits the world over in speed races for individual and team honours over a season.
15039003iptc-subjectcodeEnduranceEndurance races for a driver and co-pilot using specially built cars.
15039004iptc-subjectcodeIndyNorth American top range professional league speed racing over circuits.
15039005iptc-subjectcodeCARTNorth American professional league speed racing.
15039006iptc-subjectcodeNHRANorth American professional league speed racing.
15039007iptc-subjectcodeNASCARNorth American professional league speed racing.
15039008iptc-subjectcodeTRUCKINorth American professional league speed racing.
15040000iptc-subjectcodeMotor rallyingA season of endurance races over closed circuits including dirt tracks, roads and even snowy conditions featuring specials using adapted road cars with a driver and co-pilot.
15040001iptc-subjectcodeRallyingStage races
15040002iptc-subjectcodePursuitCross-country race with mass start, first half of the distance in classic and the other half in free style.
15040003iptc-subjectcodeRallycrossStage races over dirt tracks
15041000iptc-subjectcodeMotorcyclingRaces with 2, 3 or 4 wheels vehicles with a saddle and handlebars
15041001iptc-subjectcodeSpeed-Grand-PrixA fast and furious race where every second counts
15041002iptc-subjectcodeEnduroA race of speed, endurance and regularity over varied surfaces such as through forests and on dirt tracks
15041003iptc-subjectcodeGrass-trackA race competed on turf
15041004iptc-subjectcodeMoto-ballTeam sport where drivers play a ball
15041005iptc-subjectcodeMoto-crossRaced over dirt tracks featuring severe mounds
15041006iptc-subjectcodeRallyingRaces run over regular roads
15041007iptc-subjectcodeTrialA race of consistency and endurance over varied terrain
15041008iptc-subjectcodeEnduranceA road race of consistency and endurance
15041009iptc-subjectcodeSuperbikeEngine size
15041010iptc-subjectcode125 cm3Engine size
15041011iptc-subjectcode250 cm3Engine size
15041012iptc-subjectcode500 cm3Engine size
15041013iptc-subjectcodeSide-carsOf different engine sizes but attached to a side car featuring a passenger
15041014iptc-subjectcodeMotoGPCapacity class 1000ccm
15042000iptc-subjectcodeNetballA woman's sport similar to basketball without a board behind the basket
15043000iptc-subjectcodeNordic skiingPracticed in snowy countryside and based on power and endurance. There are classic and free style events with mass or staggered starts.
15043001iptc-subjectcodeCross-countryNordic ski race
15043002iptc-subjectcode5 km classical timeA 5km classic race in that the competitor keeps his skis parallel except on steep inclines where the scissor move is used
15043003iptc-subjectcode10 km classical styleA 10km classic race in that the competitor keeps his skis parallel except on steep inclines where the scissor move is used
15043004iptc-subjectcode10 km pursuit free styleStaggered start depending on positions with competitors using a skating like technique on skis
15043005iptc-subjectcode15 km classical styleA 15km race using the classical style of keeping skies parallel
15043006iptc-subjectcode15 km pursuit free style15km race with staggered start using free style technique similar to a skating motion
15043007iptc-subjectcode10 km + 15 km combined10km classic followed by 15km free-style race
15043008iptc-subjectcode30 km classical styleA 30km classic race in that the competitor keeps his skis parallel except on steep inclines where the scissor move is used
15043009iptc-subjectcode30km free styleA 30km free-style race where the most common style is the skate style where competitors slide and the skis do not need to be parallel
15043010iptc-subjectcode50 km free styleA 50km free style race where the most common style is the skate style where competitors slide and the skis do not need to be parallel
15043011iptc-subjectcode4x5 km relayTeams of four competitors ski 5km each in relay fashion
15043012iptc-subjectcode4x10 km relayTeams of four competitors ski 10km each in relay fashion
15043013iptc-subjectcodeNordic combinedA two day competition combining the ski jump and a cross-country race.
15043014iptc-subjectcodeRaidNA
15043016iptc-subjectcode1.5 km sprint freeCross-country skiing over a 1.5km course in a sprint format
15043017iptc-subjectcode50 km classic styleCross-country skiing over a 50km course in a classic style format
15044001iptc-subjectcodeSki orienteeringAn individual ski time-trial over a route marked out by beacons, that the competitor has to search out and find in a specific order. The contestant makes his way with the help of a compass and map
15045000iptc-subjectcodePoloWith the aid of a mallet two teams of four horsemen try and knock a bamboo ball into the opponents goal over a pitch 250m long and 150m wide. The game is divided into 4, 6, or 8 time periods of 7min 30sec called chukkas.
15046000iptc-subjectcodePower boatingRaces between motor boats on rivers or lakes
15046001iptc-subjectcodeF1Sprint race
15046002iptc-subjectcodeF2Long distance race
15047000iptc-subjectcodeRowingBoat racing usually on flat calm waters with boats for 1, 2, 4 or 8 rowers
15047001iptc-subjectcodeSingle scullsSingle person boats with two oars
15047002iptc-subjectcodeDouble scullsTwo person boats with two oars each
15047003iptc-subjectcodeQuadruple scullsFour person boats with two oars each and without a team mate to give directions
15047004iptc-subjectcodeCoxless pairTwo person boats with just one oar each and without a team mate to give directions
15047005iptc-subjectcodeCoxless fourFour person boats with just one oar each and without a team mate to give directions
15047006iptc-subjectcodeEightEight person boats with just one oar each and without a team mate to give directions
15047007iptc-subjectcodeLightweightWhere a weight category is imposed on competitors
15048000iptc-subjectcodeRugby leagueTwo teams of 13 compete on a pitch where they score tries and penalties by running with and passing an oval ball to be touched down behind the goal line or kicked between goal posts in a tough physical contest
15049000iptc-subjectcodeRugby unionTwo teams of 15 compete on a pitch where they score tries and penalties by running with and passing an oval ball to be touched down behind the goal line or kicked between goal posts in a tough physical contest
15049001iptc-subjectcodeRugby 7A more fun and exciting variety where two teams of 7 compete on a pitch where they score tries and penalties by running with and passing an oval ball to be touched down behind the goal line or kicked between goal posts in a tough physical contest
15050000iptc-subjectcodeSailingSail boat racing over a route marked by buoys.
15050001iptc-subjectcodeTornadoBoat Category: two man catamaran (21m/sq mainsail) Olympic sport
15050002iptc-subjectcodeSolingBoat Category: three man keel boat
15050003iptc-subjectcode49erBoat Category: two man dinghy (8.23m/sq mainsail) Olympic sport
15050004iptc-subjectcodeEuropeBoat Category: one man dinghy (4.57m/sq mainsail) Olympic sport
15050005iptc-subjectcodeLaserBoat Category: one man dinghy (4.6m/sq mainsail) Olympic sport
15050006iptc-subjectcode470Boat Category: two man dinghy (7.10m/sq mainsail) Olympic sport
15050007iptc-subjectcodeFinnBoat Category: one man dinghy (10m/sq mainsail) Olympic sport
15050008iptc-subjectcodeStarBoat Category: two man keel boat (7.10m/sq mainsail) Olympic sport
15050009iptc-subjectcodeFlying dutchmannBoat Category: two man dinghy
15050010iptc-subjectcode505Boat Category: two man dinghy
15050011iptc-subjectcodeStaging raceSea racing
15050012iptc-subjectcodeAround the worldOpen seas racing
15050013iptc-subjectcodeMonohullSingle hull craft
15050014iptc-subjectcodeMultihullsMulti hull craft
15050015iptc-subjectcodeYnglingOlympic boat-class. A race around different courses in a boat of 6.35 metres (20ft 10in) long and 1.73 metres (5ft 8in) wide, crewed in Olympic competition only by women. The number of races and the length of the courses varies.
15050016iptc-subjectcodeMistralOlympic boat class. A staged race using boats of the mistral type, which are 4.24 metres (13ft 11in) long and 1.3 metres (4ft 3in) wide. The number of races and the length of the courses varies.
15051000iptc-subjectcodeShootingPrecision sport using a hand gun, rifle or shotgun
15051001iptc-subjectcode10 m air rifleShooting event
15051002iptc-subjectcode10 m air pistolShooting event
15051003iptc-subjectcode10 m running targetShooting event
15051004iptc-subjectcode25 m rapid fire pistolShooting event
15051005iptc-subjectcode25 m sport pistolShooting event
15051006iptc-subjectcode50 m free pistolShooting event
15051007iptc-subjectcode50 m free rifle proneShooting event
15051008iptc-subjectcode50 m free rifle 3x40Shooting event
15051009iptc-subjectcode50 m sport rifle 3x20Shooting event
15051010iptc-subjectcodeTrapShooting event with moving targets
15051011iptc-subjectcodeDouble trapShooting event with two moving targets launched at the same time
15051012iptc-subjectcodeSkeetShooting event with moving targets, competitor shoots from a series of positions
15052000iptc-subjectcodeSki jumpingCompetitors descend a snow covered elevated ramp on skis and try to fly off it as far as possible, receiving marks for distance, style of flight and landing
15052001iptc-subjectcodeK90 jumpCompetitors jump from 70m and must clear 90m distance in their jump before scoring points for it
15052002iptc-subjectcodeK120 jumpCompetitors jump from 90m and must clear 120m distance in their jump before scoring points for it
15071004iptc-subjectcodeLandRaces competed on land with a board equipped with wheels
15053000iptc-subjectcodeSnow boardingPracticed with a single board (rather than two skis)
15053001iptc-subjectcodeGiant slalomKnock-out head-to-head downhill racing
15053002iptc-subjectcodeHalf-pipeOver a semi-cylindrical tube of 100m competitors must perform a series of moves that are marked for style by 5 judges
15054000iptc-subjectcodeSoccerTwo teams of eleven try to kick or head a ball into the opponents goal over a match usually of 90 minutes
15055000iptc-subjectcodeSoftballSimilar to baseball but with a larger and softer ball, a thinner bat, shorter gaps between bases and less innings
15056000iptc-subjectcodeSpeed skatingTimed races competed by two skaters at a time on an oval ice track
15056001iptc-subjectcode500 mSpeed skating race over 500m
15056002iptc-subjectcode1000 mSpeed skating race over 1000m
15056003iptc-subjectcode1500 mSpeed skating race over 1500m
15056004iptc-subjectcode3000 mSpeed skating race over 3000m
15056005iptc-subjectcode5000 mSpeed skating race over 5000m
15056006iptc-subjectcode10000 mSpeed skating race over 10000m
15056007iptc-subjectcodeShort-trackRaces of four or more skaters on an oval ice track. Qualifying, semi-finals and finals determine winners.
15056008iptc-subjectcodeSt 500 mShort track speed skate race over 500m
15056009iptc-subjectcodeSt 1000mShort track speed skate race over 1000m
15056010iptc-subjectcodeSt 1500mShort track speed skate race over 1500m
15056011iptc-subjectcodeSt 3000mShort track speed skate race over 3000m
15056012iptc-subjectcodeSt 3000m relayShort track relay speed skate race over 3000m
15056013iptc-subjectcodeSt 5000mShort track speed skate race over 5000m
15056014iptc-subjectcodeSt 5000m relayShort track relay speed skate race over 5000m
15057000iptc-subjectcodeSpeedwayFast track
15058000iptc-subjectcodeSports organisationsOrganisations responsible for a specific sport
15058001iptc-subjectcodeIOCInternational Olympic Committee
15058002iptc-subjectcodeInternational federationA body responsible for the international coordination of a specific sport
15058003iptc-subjectcodeContinental federationA body responsible for the continental coordination of a specific sport
15058004iptc-subjectcodeNational federationA body responsible for the national coordination of a specific sport
15058005iptc-subjectcodeGAISFGeneral Association of International Sports Federations
15059000iptc-subjectcodeSquashA racket sport of strategy and endurance played by singles or doubles teams in a walled court with a small rubber ball
15061000iptc-subjectcodeSurfingWater sport where contestants catch and ride waves upright on a surfboard
15062000iptc-subjectcodeSwimmingA water sport where contestants swim as fast as possible in a given style and win races by being the first to touch home
15062001iptc-subjectcode50 m freestyleCompetitors cover 50m in any style, though front crawl is universally employed
15062002iptc-subjectcode100 m freestyleCompetitors cover 100m in any style, though front crawl is universally employed
15062003iptc-subjectcode200 m freestyleCompetitors cover 200m in any style, though front crawl is universally employed
15062004iptc-subjectcode400 m freestyleCompetitors cover 400m in any style, though front crawl is universally employed
15062005iptc-subjectcode800 m freestyleCompetitors cover 800m in any style, though front crawl is universally employed
15062006iptc-subjectcode1500 m freestyleCompetitors cover 1500m in any style, though front crawl is universally employed
15062007iptc-subjectcodeRelay 4x50 m freestyleTeams of four swimmers cover 50m freestyle in a 200m race
15062008iptc-subjectcodeRelay 4x100 m freestyleTeams of four swimmers cover 100m freestyle in a 400m race
15062009iptc-subjectcodeRelay 4x200 m freestyleTeams of four swimmers cover 200m freestyle in a 800m race
15062010iptc-subjectcode50 m backstrokeCompetitors cover 50m in the backstroke style
15062011iptc-subjectcode100 m backstrokeCompetitors cover 100m in the backstroke style
15062012iptc-subjectcode200 m backstrokeCompetitors cover 200m in the backstroke style
15062013iptc-subjectcode50 m breaststrokeA 50m race in the breaststroke style, on the front, effecting forward and outward push movements with the arms and backward and outward pushes with the legs
15062014iptc-subjectcode100 m breaststrokeA 100m race in the breaststroke style, on the front, effecting forward and outward push movements with the arms and backward and outward pushes with the legs
15062015iptc-subjectcode200 m breaststrokeA 200m race in the breaststroke style, on the front, effecting forward and outward push movements with the arms and backward and outward pushes with the legs
15062016iptc-subjectcode50 m butterflyA 50m butterfly race, swum on the front with the shoulders remaining parallel to the water both arms moving in simultaneous windmill fashion, the legs remain together and are moved in a flapping motion. The most physical of all styles.
15062017iptc-subjectcode100 m butterflyA 100m butterfly race, swum on the front with the shoulders remaining parallel to the water both arms moving in simultaneous windmill fashion, the legs remain together and are moved in a flapping motion. The most physical of all styles
15062018iptc-subjectcode200 m butterflyA 200m butterfly race, swum on the front with the shoulders remaining parallel to the water both arms moving in simultaneous windmill fashion, the legs remain together and are moved in a flapping motion. The most physical of all styles
15062020iptc-subjectcode200 m medleySwimmers complete four laps, each in a different style and in this order: butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and freestyle, covering a total of 200m.
15062021iptc-subjectcode400 m medleySwimmers complete eight laps, two in each style and in this order: butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and freestyle, covering a total of 400m.
15062023iptc-subjectcodeRelay4x100 m medleyA relay team of four, each of whom completes two laps and each in a different style in this order: backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly and freestyle in a race of 400m total.
15062024iptc-subjectcodeShort courseRaces competed in a 25m length pool
15062025iptc-subjectcodeSynchronised technical routineContestants obtain points from 10 sitting judges by executing certain synchronised artistic shapes and movements in the water. In the technical programme, competitors must execute a range of specific moves in a given order.
15062026iptc-subjectcodeSynchronised free routineIn the free programme, music, movements and their order of execution are not restricted.
15063000iptc-subjectcodeTable tennisA racket sport for two or four (in doubles), who compete at a table divided by a net using a small bat to play a lightweight ball
15064000iptc-subjectcodeTaekwon-DoA martial art of Korean origin
15064001iptc-subjectcodeUnder 49 kgWeight category in Taekwon-Do
15064002iptc-subjectcodeUnder 58 kgWeight category in Taekwon-Do
15064003iptc-subjectcode49-57 kgWeight category in Taekwon-Do
15064004iptc-subjectcode58-68 kgWeight category in Taekwon-Do
15064005iptc-subjectcode57-67 kgWeight category in Taekwon-Do
15064006iptc-subjectcode68-80 kgWeight category in Taekwon-Do
15064007iptc-subjectcodeOver 67 kgWeight category in Taekwon-Do
15064008iptc-subjectcodeOver 80 kgWeight category in Taekwon-Do
15065000iptc-subjectcodeTennisA sport where two players, four in doubles, equipped with a racket compete by hitting the ball over a net into the opponent's side of the court with the aim of putting it out of reach within the regulation lines, thus winning points.
15065001iptc-subjectcodeSoft tennisTennis with a soft rubber ball. (Programme of National Sports Festival in Japan)
15066000iptc-subjectcodeTriathlonAn endurance multi-sport where competitors first swim, then cycle and then run a road race. Distances vary according to the competition, the Olympic version being 1.5, 40 and 10km respectively.
15066001iptc-subjectcodeTriathlon swimmingTriathlon event
15066002iptc-subjectcodeTriathlon cyclingTriathlon event
15066003iptc-subjectcodeTriathlon runTriathlon event
15067000iptc-subjectcodeVolleyballTwo teams of six record points by hitting a ball over a net into the opponent's half of the court, keeping it in the air at all times. Points are won when opponents fail to return the ball.
15067001iptc-subjectcodeBeach volleyballTwo teams of two players compete on a sand court. Unlike indoor volleyball, points are scored only when the serving team wins a rally or forces an error. The sand surface makes it more physically demanding than volleyball.
15068000iptc-subjectcodeWater poloPlayed in a pool between two teams of 7, who must stay afloat and can only use one hand to pass the ball or swim with it before trying to throw it into the opponents net to score goals.
15069000iptc-subjectcodeWater skiingOn one or two skis contestants are pulled by a power boat along the water's surface
15069001iptc-subjectcodeSlalomSpeed event where contestants round a course marked out by buoys
15069002iptc-subjectcodeTrickSkiers perform a maximum of figures in a limited time period
15069003iptc-subjectcodeJumpSkiers perform as long a jump as possible from a ramp in the water
15069004iptc-subjectcodeCombinedA combined event made up of the slalom, jump and trick
15070000iptc-subjectcodeWeightliftingA strength test where competitors lift as heavy a weight as possible
15070001iptc-subjectcodeSnatchThe bar must be lifted from floor to above the head in one movement
15070002iptc-subjectcodeClean and jerkThe bar is first lifted to the shoulders and then jerk it above the head and keep it there while maintaining straight legs
15070003iptc-subjectcode48 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070004iptc-subjectcode53 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070005iptc-subjectcode63 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070006iptc-subjectcode75 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070007iptc-subjectcodeOver 75 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070008iptc-subjectcode56 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070009iptc-subjectcode62 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070010iptc-subjectcode69 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070011iptc-subjectcode77 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070012iptc-subjectcode85 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070013iptc-subjectcode94 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070014iptc-subjectcode105 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070015iptc-subjectcodeOver 105 kgCompetitor weight category in weightlifting
15070016iptc-subjectcodePowerliftingA strength test where competitors lift as heavy a weight as possible
15071000iptc-subjectcodeWindsurfingContestants must complete a marked out course as fast as possible on a windsurf board
15071001iptc-subjectcodeOceanRaces on the open seas
15071002iptc-subjectcodeLakeRaces competed on lakes
15072001iptc-subjectcodeFreestyleA style where leg holds are allowed
15072002iptc-subjectcodeGreco-romanA style where the only holds allowed are those between the head and the belt
15072003iptc-subjectcodeOver 130 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072004iptc-subjectcode130 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072005iptc-subjectcode97 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072006iptc-subjectcode85 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072007iptc-subjectcode76 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072008iptc-subjectcode69 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072009iptc-subjectcode63 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072010iptc-subjectcode58 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072011iptc-subjectcode54 kgCompetitor weight category in wrestling
15072012iptc-subjectcodeSwiss wrestlingTraditional Swiss sport similar to wrestling with specific rules
15073000iptc-subjectcodeSports eventSports meeting
15073001iptc-subjectcodeSummer OlympicsSummer Olympics
15073002iptc-subjectcodeWinter OlympicsWinter Olympics
15073003iptc-subjectcodeSummer universiadeSummer universiade
15073004iptc-subjectcodeWinter UniversiadeWinter Universiade
15073005iptc-subjectcodeCommonwealth GamesCommonwealth Games
15073006iptc-subjectcodeWinter Goodwill GamesWinter Goodwill Games
15073007iptc-subjectcodeSummer Asian GamesSummer Asian Games
15073008iptc-subjectcodeWinter Asian GamesWinter Asian Games
15073009iptc-subjectcodePanamerican GamesPanamerican Games
15073010iptc-subjectcodeAfrican GamesAfrican Games
15073011iptc-subjectcodeMediterranean GamesMediterranean Games
15073012iptc-subjectcodeSouthEast Asiatic GamesSouthEast Asiatic Games
15073013iptc-subjectcodePanPacific GamesPanPacific Games
15073014iptc-subjectcodeSouthPacific GamesSouthPacific Games
15073015iptc-subjectcodePanArabic GamesPanArabic Games
15073016iptc-subjectcodeSummer Goodwill GamesSummer Goodwill Games
15073017iptc-subjectcodeWorld gamesA competition featuring world class athletes
15073018iptc-subjectcodeWorld CupSports meeting with competitors from the five continents
15073019iptc-subjectcodeIntercontinental cupSports meeting bringing together competitors from different continents
15073020iptc-subjectcodeContinental cupSports meeting where competitors come from a single continent
15073021iptc-subjectcodeInternational cupSports meeting where competitors come from several nations
15073022iptc-subjectcodeNational CupSports meeting where competitors come from a single nation
15073023iptc-subjectcodeInterregional cupSports meeting where competitors come from several regions
15073024iptc-subjectcodeRegional cupSports meeting where competitors come from a single region
15073025iptc-subjectcodeLeague cupA competition within a sports league
15073026iptc-subjectcodeWorld championshipA championship where competitors from the five continents take part
15073027iptc-subjectcodeIntercontinental championshipA championship where competitors from the different continents take part
15073028iptc-subjectcodeContinental championship 1st levelA championship where top level competitors from a single continent take part
15073029iptc-subjectcodeContinental championship 2nd levelA championship where second string competitors from a single continent take part
15073030iptc-subjectcodeContinental championship 3rd levelA championship where third string competitors from a single continent take part
15073031iptc-subjectcodeNational championship 1st levelA championship where top level competitors from a single nation take part
15073032iptc-subjectcodeNational championship 2nd levelA championship where second string competitors from a single continent take part
15073033iptc-subjectcodeNational championship3rdlevelA championship where third string competitors from a single continent take part
15073034iptc-subjectcodeNational championship 4th levelA championship where fourth string competitors from a single continent take part
15073035iptc-subjectcodeRegional championshipA championship where competitors from a single region take part
15073036iptc-subjectcodeGrand PrixHigh level sports competition, most often motor racing
15073037iptc-subjectcodeIntercontinental tournamentTournament where competitors from several continents take part
15073038iptc-subjectcodeContinental tournamentTournament where competitors from a single continent take part
15073039iptc-subjectcodeInternational tournamentTournament where competitors from several nations take part
15073040iptc-subjectcodeNational tournamentTournament where competitors from a single nation take part
15073041iptc-subjectcodeInter-nations competitionTournament where athletes from several nations take part
15073042iptc-subjectcodeInter-clubs competitionTournament where competitors from several clubs take part
15073043iptc-subjectcodeFriendly competitionSports played but not in a tournament
15073044iptc-subjectcodeAll-stars competitionCompetition between teams made up of invited stars
15073045iptc-subjectcodeExhibitiondemonstration
15073046iptc-subjectcodeSuper BowlThe American football final that determines the champion
15073047iptc-subjectcodeParalympic gamesOlympic style Games for athletes with a disability
15074001iptc-subjectcodeBarrel racingRodeo discipline
15074002iptc-subjectcodeCalf ropingRodeo discipline
15074003iptc-subjectcodeBull ridingRodeo discipline
15074004iptc-subjectcodeBulldoggingRodeo discipline
15074005iptc-subjectcodeSaddle broncRodeo discipline
15074006iptc-subjectcodeBarebackRodeo discipline
15074007iptc-subjectcodeGoat ropingRodeo discipline
15075000iptc-subjectcodeMini golf sportA game where balls must be holed on an artificial course in as few strokes from the club as possible
15077000iptc-subjectcodeFlying discA group of events all played with a flying plastic disc. The exact regulation for the disc is different in different events but it has to be unbroken of solid plastic and a production model with no modification. Flying disc is sometimes called Frisbee.
15077001iptc-subjectcodeUltimateTeam game. Played outdoors on soccer-size field with 7 players per team and indoors with 5 players per team. Games are played to a preset number of goals. Goals are scored by passing the disc to a team-member catching it inside the goal area.
15077002iptc-subjectcodeGutsTeam game where two teams of 5 players each face each other. Teams take turns to throw the disc towards the other team. Points are scored if the opposing team does not catch the disc.
15077003iptc-subjectcodeOverallNot an event in itself but in most competitions with individual events the winner of the competition will be awarded to the player with the highest combined score in the events.
15077004iptc-subjectcodeDistanceThe object is to throw the disc as far as possible. Each player get five throws per turn. Throws are made downwind. World record is over 200 meters.
15077005iptc-subjectcodeDiscathonThe object is to throw and run a park course of about 1 kilometre. Four players compete in each heat. They have two discs each. They may also carry a third disc in reserve. Where one thrown disc stops the second disc must be thrown.
15077006iptc-subjectcodeDDCAbbreviation for Double Disc Court. Two players per team in a square 13x13 metre. The teams start with one disc per team and throw at each other. Discs are thrown back and forth until one or both hit the ground.
15077007iptc-subjectcodeSCFAbbreviation for Self Caught Flights. Divided into two sub events called MTA (Maximum Time Aloft) and TRC (Throw Run Catch). In both sub events the player throws a disc and then runs to catch it with one hand before it hits the ground.
15077008iptc-subjectcodeFreestyleA judged event where groups of two or three players perform as many tricks as possible. In competitions the judges can use either a ranking system or set scores on presentation, execution and difficulty.
15077009iptc-subjectcodeAccuracyEach player has 28 throws from various distances and angles to throw the disc through a goal 1.5 x 1.5 meters. World record is 25 of 28 possible.
15077010iptc-subjectcodeDisc golfMuch like golf but played with discs instead of balls and clubs. Instead of a hole in the ground there is a metal basket with light metal chains to throw the disc at. Players often carry discs specialized for long throws, right or left bends.
15078000iptc-subjectcodeFloorballPlayed indoors in a court the size of a basketball court. 6 players per team, of which one is a who plays in a kneeling position without a stick like in ice hockey. The other players use plastic clubs and a light plastic ball to pass and shoot goals.
15079000iptc-subjectcodeCastingUsing fishing equipment to hit a target and score points
15080000iptc-subjectcodeTug-of-warTwo teams pulling against each other on a rope
15081000iptc-subjectcodeCroquetteUsing mallets to hit a ball through hoops
15082000iptc-subjectcodeDog racingDogs racing around a track
15082001iptc-subjectcodeSledHarnessed to a sled
15082002iptc-subjectcodeOval trackPursuing an artificial rabbit around an oval track
15083000iptc-subjectcodeSkeletonIn skeleton the competitor lays on his/hers stomach when racing down the course. The competitor must be on the sled when crossing the finishing line. The total time of all races in a competition is added together.
15084000iptc-subjectcodeAustralian rules footballFootball played under Australian rules
15085000iptc-subjectcodeCanadian footballFootball played under Canadian rules
15086000iptc-subjectcodeDuathlonDuathlon
15087000iptc-subjectcodeHornussSwiss team sport with 16 or 18 men per team. A rubber puck is hit towards the field of the adversary team which tries to hit the puck in the air with a wooden board thrown in the air
15088000iptc-subjectcodeFist ballMen's team sport similar to volleyball (with a much lower net) executed mainly in gymnastics clubs
15089000iptc-subjectcodeInline skatingCompetitive sports using inline skates
15090000iptc-subjectcodeGrass skiAlpine skiing on roller skis and grass
15091000iptc-subjectcodeSnowbikingIndividual sport on snow on a snow bike, the athlete has two mini skis, previous name: ski bob
15092000iptc-subjectcodeTwirlingTeam competition with majorettes and a jury
15093000iptc-subjectcodeKendoJapanese traditional martial art using a bamboo sword, sometimes called Japanese fencing. (Programme of National Sports Festival in Japan)
15094000iptc-subjectcodeJukendoJapanese traditional martial art using a model rifle made of wood. Juken means a rifle or gun with blade (bayonet). (Programme of National Sports Festival in Japan)
15095000iptc-subjectcodeNaginataJapanese traditional martial art using a pole sword made of wood. Naginata means a spear with a curved blade. (Programme of National Sports Festival in Japan)
15096000iptc-subjectcodeKyudoJapanese traditional martial art using a bamboo bow and arrows, sometimes called Japanese archery. (Programme of National Sports Festival in Japan)
01000000iptc-subjectcodeArts, culture and entertainmentMatters pertaining to the advancement and refinement of the human mind, of interests, skills, tastes and emotions
01011006iptc-subjectcodeRock and roll musicPopular dance music developed in the 1950s
01012000iptc-subjectcodePaintingUsing the mediums of oils, watercolour, pastel, pencils, chalk, crayon etc on various grounds to express emotion or message
02004002iptc-subjectcodeExecutionThe carrying out of executions by a government or state, not by extralegal groups/organisations
02011000iptc-subjectcodeInternational lawThe system of laws embraced by all nations, such as the Geneva Convention, the International Law of the Seas, etc.
03017000iptc-subjectcodeRescueAn operation to save people, animals or property from harm or danger.
04000000iptc-subjectcodeEconomy, business and financeAll matters concerning the planning, production and exchange of wealth.
04005013iptc-subjectcodeDiesel fuelA distilled petroleum product heavier than gasoline used not only for trucks, marine engines, but in certain forms for home heating
15099000iptc-subjectcodeWushuGenerally, Chinese traditional martial art. (Programme of National Sports Festival in Japan)
15100000iptc-subjectcodeDartsTwo players compete by throwing metal darts at a wall-mounted circular board divided radially into segments of different scores
15101000iptc-subjectcodeBodybuildingA person displays pronounced muscle tone and exaggerated muscle mass and definition for overall aesthetic effect
15102000iptc-subjectcodeSports disciplinary actionActions, including fines and suspensions levied by sports organisations and teams
15103000iptc-subjectcodeSports awardsAwards and honors given by sports organisations or won by sports figures
16000000iptc-subjectcodeUnrest, conflicts and warActs of socially or politically motivated protest and/or violence.
16001000iptc-subjectcodeAct of terrorAct of violence, often deadly, designed to raise fear and anxiety in a population
16002000iptc-subjectcodeArmed conflictDisputes between opposing groups involving the use of weaponry, but not formally declared a war
16003000iptc-subjectcodeCivil unrestDissatisfaction among the general population as evidenced by rallies, strikes, demonstrations or sabotage
16003001iptc-subjectcodeRevolutionsAn often violent change in a nation's system of government by internal forces that results in systematic social change.
16003002iptc-subjectcodeRebellionsArmed uprising by citizens of a nation with the intent to overthrow the government, without necessarily achieving social change
16003003iptc-subjectcodePolitical dissentDisagreement between political groups, usually organized and sometimes resulting in imprisonment of the dissenters
16003004iptc-subjectcodeReligious conflictConflicts involving religious differences
16003005iptc-subjectcodeSocial conflictConflicts involving social differences
16004000iptc-subjectcodeCoup d'etatThe overthrow of an established government by an organized group, often the military or a political party
16005000iptc-subjectcodeGuerrilla activityAnti-government actions by clandestine groups using hit-and-run techniques or sabotage, kidnapping and the like
16005001iptc-subjectcodeBioterrorismUse of biological agent to raise the level of fear within a population, whether deaths occur or not.
16005002iptc-subjectcodeBombingsUse of explosive devices against people, buildings or structures
16006000iptc-subjectcodeMassacreThe death of a large group of people over a brief period of time
16006001iptc-subjectcodeGenocideSystematic killing of one clan, tribe or ethnic type by another
16007000iptc-subjectcodeRiotsViolent, destructive demonstrations often involving injury to individuals and destruction of property
16008000iptc-subjectcodeDemonstrationA public show of feeling or opinion, as by a mass meeting or parade
16009000iptc-subjectcodeWarA formal declaration of hostilities by one country against another
16009001iptc-subjectcodeCivil warArmed conflict between members of the same nation or geographical region, in some cases with a desire to divide the nation or region.
16009002iptc-subjectcodeInternational military interventionTemporary use of international forces by invitation or by a decision of an outside body in another country or region for the purpose of resolving a crisis.
16009003iptc-subjectcodePrisoners and detaineesPeople captured and imprisoned by their enemy during war or armed conflict
16010000iptc-subjectcodeConflict (general)A dispute which can be at several levels,
16010001iptc-subjectcodePeacekeeping forceVaried national military forces under unified international command to maintain order in disputed areas.
16011000iptc-subjectcodeCrisisConflict of all kinds that rises to a level where, depending on events, governments can fall, war be declared or stock markets crash, or not
16012000iptc-subjectcodeWeaponryArmaments of all types used to conduct war
17000000iptc-subjectcodeWeatherThe study, reporting and prediction of meteorological phenomena.
17001000iptc-subjectcodeForecastPrediction of the course of the weather in the future either near term or long term
17002000iptc-subjectcodeGlobal changeThe determination whether the Earth is getting warm, or colder, whether seas are rising or falling and the like
17003000iptc-subjectcodeReportAny distributed announcement about the weather
17003001iptc-subjectcodeWeather newsGeneral information about weather events
17004000iptc-subjectcodeStatisticNumerical facts about the weather such as temperature, barometric pressure, river levels, humidity, high and low tides and the like
17005000iptc-subjectcodeWarningAlerts to the general populace about severe weather coming their way
04008014iptc-subjectcodeConsumer confidenceReports on consumer confidence in the economy.
04008016iptc-subjectcodeInflation and deflationAn increase in the amount of money in circulation and thereby a rise in prices; deflation, tighter monetary policy causing lower prices
04011007iptc-subjectcodeInstrument engineeringManufacturers of instruments for calibration, measurement of things like speed, pressure, distance
04016027iptc-subjectcodeLitigation and regulationCorporate law including litigation and regulations.
04016045iptc-subjectcodeSalesEither the exchange of goods for money, or the practice of discounting prices to increase the amount of goods sold, or to get rid of outdated merchandise
05009000iptc-subjectcodeEntrance examinationExams for entering colleges, universities, junior and senior high schools, and all other higher and lower education institutes, including cram schools, which help students prepare for exams for entry to prestigious schools.
07001008iptc-subjectcodePlant diseasesDisorders affecting plants caused either by parasites or environmental factors
07002000iptc-subjectcodeEpidemic and plagueAn epidemic is a rapidly spreading condition in a community and a plague is usually a deadly disease of epidemic proportions
08003002iptc-subjectcodeCelebrityCelebrity news, i.e. Madonna has a baby, Elton John sues his accountants etc.
08003005iptc-subjectcodeFortune-tellingThe forecasting of future events or the delineation of character by methods not ordinarily considered to have a rational basis
10004000iptc-subjectcodeHobbyVarious types of activities for amusement, such as collecting stamps, building models, quilting, crafts
11000000iptc-subjectcodePoliticsLocal, regional, national and international exercise of power, or struggle for power, and the relationships between governing bodies and states.
11006001iptc-subjectcodeCivil and public serviceThe paid service by civilians for the government, and the often non-paid service of individuals for the benefit of others (public service)
11023000iptc-subjectcodeCensorshipAttempts by any group to control freedoms of speech, religion, and ideas distributed in print, graphics, cyberspace and other ways. Does not include official standards such as cinema ratings, advertising and broadcast standards.
11024003iptc-subjectcodePolitical developmentThe creation and rise of political systems and the history of the people and nations that are associated with those systems.
11025000iptc-subjectcodeFreedom of the pressMass media rights and freedoms, pressure and intimidation of the journalists, censorship in mass media, activities of government bodies, journalistic associations and/or organizations and other NGOs in regards to press freedom
12015000iptc-subjectcodeReligious leaderPerson or persons who have a ritual, juridical or otherwise leading role in their respective church or religion
12018000iptc-subjectcodeShintoismIndigenous religious beliefs and practices of Japan. The word Shinto came into use in order to distinguish indigenous Japanese beliefs from Buddhism.
13011000iptc-subjectcodeStandardsThe rules, national and international, that govern science and technology. These might include international standards setting for equipment and interference standards.
13016000iptc-subjectcodeElectronicsThe branch of engineering or physics concerned with the controlled flow of electrons or other carriers of electric charges, especially in semiconductor devices, including the design, manufacture, and maintenance of electronic devices
14021000iptc-subjectcodeSlaveryThe involuntary servitude, outside of legal incarceration for statuary criminal offences, of men, women and children, including involuntary unpaid labour, coerced actions, child labour
14022000iptc-subjectcodeAbusive behaviourThe maltreatment of one or more individuals by others through dehumanizing treatment including sexual or mental abuse, deprivation of sensory abilities, deprivation of physical needs, physical mistreatment including beatings, and other forms of torture
15005016iptc-subjectcode110 m hurdlesRace consisting of covering 110 metres as fast as possible while jumping over 10 hurdles placed on the track
15005018iptc-subjectcode3000 m steeplechaseRace consisting of covering 3000 metres as fast as possible while jumping over 28 hurdles which are 91/4 centimetres high and seven water obstacles
15005059iptc-subjectcode500 mRace over 500 metres with the fastest time winning.
15006000iptc-subjectcodeBadmintonTwo players or two teams of two compete by hitting a shuttlecock weighing approximately five grams over a high net. The aim for each player/team is to prevent the shuttlecock landing on their side of the court.
15014000iptc-subjectcodeBoxingCombat sport in which two men/women fight using only their fists covered by padded gloves in a square ring measuring 6m a side. The fight is usually split into 12 rounds of three minutes each.
15019008iptc-subjectcode500 m time trialIndividual race against the clock over 500m for women.
15019012iptc-subjectcodeRoad time trialA race or stage against the clock with each cyclist setting off individually.
15028003iptc-subjectcodePommel horseGymnasts perform an uninterrupted swing motion over a handled horse using balance and strength.
15030002iptc-subjectcodeSteeple chaseA mounted horse race over at least eight classic obstacles, four of which must be different, such as the water jump, spruce fences, mud walls etc.
15035000iptc-subjectcodeLacrosseTwo teams of helmeted and padded players try and outscore each other using a netted stick and hard ball.
15036000iptc-subjectcodeLugeLuge (French word for sled) is competed in singles or doubles. The competitor(s) lay on their back(s) on an open sled and race down a course. The competitor(s) and the sled must be in contact when passing the finishing line.
15043015iptc-subjectcode5 km pursuit free styleCross-country skiing over a 5km course in a pursuit format
15044000iptc-subjectcodeOrienteeringAn individual time-trial over a route marked out by beacons. The competitor has to search out and find in a specific order. The contestant makes his way with the help of a compass and map
15052003iptc-subjectcodeK180 (flying jump)Competitors jump from 180m and must clear 180m in their jump before scoring points for it
15060000iptc-subjectcodeSumo wrestlingA combat sport of speed and rapidity with much ceremony where two contestants try to throw or slap a competitor out of a marked area. Generally practiced in Japan by large men.
15062019iptc-subjectcode100 m medleySwimmers complete four laps, each in a different style and in this order: butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and freestyle, covering a total of 100m.
15062022iptc-subjectcodeRelay 4x50 m medlayA relay team of four, each of whom completes a single lap and each in a different style in this order: backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly and freestyle in a race of 200m total.
15072000iptc-subjectcodeWrestlingCombat sport where each wrestler attempts to win over his adversary, by holding both shoulders on the ground (fall) long enough to be in control. Points can also be decisive.
15074000iptc-subjectcodeRodeoA discipline where wild horses or bulls must be mounted and mastered
15076000iptc-subjectcodeBandyPlayed outdoors on ice. The size of the ice rink is about the size of a soccer field. Skates like ice hockey. A small hard ball is used for playing. Players play with sticks, much like in ice hockey, but the sticks are shorter and more rounded.
15097000iptc-subjectcodeKabaddiThe attacking side scores by touching, and the side to guard scores by capturing. The attacker continues calling it kabaddi.
15098000iptc-subjectcodeSepak takrawThe game like volleyball which must not use a hand. The ball made of rattan is used. (Programme of National Sports Festival in Japan)
01001000iptc-subjectcodeArchaeologyProbing the past through ruins and artefacts
01002000iptc-subjectcodeArchitectureDesigning of buildings, monuments and the spaces around them
01003000iptc-subjectcodeBullfightingClassical contest pitting man against the bull
01004000iptc-subjectcodeFestive event (including carnival)Parades, parties, celebrations and the like not necessarily tied to a fixed occasion or date
01005000iptc-subjectcodeCinemaCinema as art and entertainment
01005001iptc-subjectcodeFilm festivalNational and international motion pictures festivals, selections, festival juries, nominations, awards etc.
01006000iptc-subjectcodeDanceThe expression of emotion or message through movement
01007000iptc-subjectcodeFashionThe design of clothing and accessories
01007001iptc-subjectcodeJewelryAccessories to clothing
01008000iptc-subjectcodeLanguageThe means by which people communicate with each other
01009000iptc-subjectcodeLibrary and museumEdifices used to house collections of books, music, art, or objects from the past and present for public use and display
01010000iptc-subjectcodeLiteratureThe use of pamphlets, books or other printed matter to convey ideas, stories or other messages for the public
01010001iptc-subjectcodeFictionStructured stories that are usually not based on fact but are the creation of the authors imagination
01010002iptc-subjectcodePoetryThe art, structure, forms of poetic expression
01011000iptc-subjectcodeMusicExpressing emotion or message through instruments or voice using different sounds, tones, harmonies and the like
01011001iptc-subjectcodeClassical musicMusic that follows classic structures of rhythm and harmony
01011002iptc-subjectcodeFolk musicMusic that developed from folk cultures, often based on story-telling
01011003iptc-subjectcodeJazz musicA music of diverse harmonics, often improvised
01011004iptc-subjectcodePopular musicThe latest fad in music, generally aimed at the younger generation
01011005iptc-subjectcodeCountry musicSimilar to folk but is unique to the United States and is less about story telling than about loves sought and lost
01011007iptc-subjectcodeHip-hopA contemporary urban music originating in the 1970s.
01013000iptc-subjectcodePhotographyMechanical means of creating images of objects by use of light and light sensitive materials with chemicals or by digitals means
01014000iptc-subjectcodeRadioRadio as art and entertainment
01015000iptc-subjectcodeSculptureRepresentation of forms in clays, stone, woods, metals or other materials
01015001iptc-subjectcodePlastic artForms of hand created art including installations
01016000iptc-subjectcodeTelevisionTelevision as art and entertainment
01016001iptc-subjectcodeSoap operaEpisodic TV drama or saga, normally aired during daytime
01017000iptc-subjectcodeTheatreTelling of a story or idea through dialogue, music and physical expression in a space or building designed for it
01017001iptc-subjectcodeMusic theatreOpera, operetta, music revues etc
01018000iptc-subjectcodeMonument and heritage siteAreas containing commemorative objects for historical people or events
01018001iptc-subjectcodeInstitution-DEPRECATEDNA
01019000iptc-subjectcodeCustoms and traditionA particular way of behaving, or observances that have developed over time by a group of people
01020000iptc-subjectcodeArts (general)The collective expression of message or emotion through music, literature, painting, theatre or other means
01021000iptc-subjectcodeEntertainment (general)The collective use of television, radio, theatre, music and the like for the amusement of people
01021001iptc-subjectcodeEntertainment awardAwards for achievement in the entertainment industry, such as the Oscars for film, the Booker Prize for Literature, the Grammys for music, or induction into halls of fame.
01022000iptc-subjectcodeCulture (general)The ideas, customs, arts, skills of a particular group
01022001iptc-subjectcodeCultural developmentThe history of the development of art and culture such as the rise of cave paintings, pre-Colombian art, Chinese paper-making, anything non-political
01023000iptc-subjectcodeNightclubA commercial establishment providing music, or other entertainment along with food and drink to selected clientele
01024000iptc-subjectcodeCartoonStill images such as editorial cartoons and comic strips
01025000iptc-subjectcodeAnimationAnimation, including full-length and short cinema, artists and merchandising of goods featuring animation characters.
01026000iptc-subjectcodeMass mediaTelevision, radio, magazines, newspapers etc
01026001iptc-subjectcodePeriodicalsWritten material that is usually published weekly, bi-weekly, monthly or annually for a long time
01026002iptc-subjectcodeNews mediaTelevision, wire services, radio that collect facts about incidents, developing and presenting them to audiences as a whole story
01026003iptc-subjectcodeNewspapersDaily or weekly publications that present the day to day history of the world, as well as features, comics etc
01026004iptc-subjectcodeReviewsA critical look at someone else's work, whether film, theatre or writing
01027000iptc-subjectcodeInternetInternet as art and entertainment
01028000iptc-subjectcodeHistoryIssues connected with the past; discoveries, repair, conservation or display of artifacts; anniversaries of historic events
02000000iptc-subjectcodeCrime, law and justiceEstablishment and/or statement of the rules of behaviour in society, the enforcement of these rules, breaches of the rules and the punishment of offenders. Organizations and bodies involved in these activities.
02001000iptc-subjectcodeCrimeViolation of established laws by individuals, companies or organizations
02001001iptc-subjectcodeHomicideKilling of one person by another
02001002iptc-subjectcodeComputer crimeTheft or destructive behaviour using a computer
02001003iptc-subjectcodeTheftUnlawful taking
02001004iptc-subjectcodeDrug traffickingDealing in illicit often harmful substances
02001005iptc-subjectcodeSexual assaultSexual battery of one sex against another
02001006iptc-subjectcodeAssault (general)Battery, slugfests, brawls and threatening behaviour
02001007iptc-subjectcodeKidnappingTo seize and detain or carry away a person against that person's will by unlawful threat, force or fraud
02001008iptc-subjectcodeArsonIntentional setting of fires with criminal intent
02001009iptc-subjectcodeGang activityCriminal activities by groups of individuals, usually in urban areas, who are allied by common territories, languages, ethnic backgrounds but generally are loosely organized.
02001010iptc-subjectcodeTerrorismViolence against people to create fear in order to achieve political or ideological objectives
02002000iptc-subjectcodeJudiciary (system of justice)The system set up to deal with crime and those who do them
02002001iptc-subjectcodeLawyerAnyone legally able to represent another person or entity in a legal matter, such as a lawyer, solicitor, barrister, procurator, notary.
02002002iptc-subjectcodeJudgeMembers of the bench that sit in judgement
02002003iptc-subjectcodeCourt administrationCourt clerks, bailiffs, stenographers etc.
02003000iptc-subjectcodePoliceAgents of the legal system set up enforce the laws
02003001iptc-subjectcodeLaw enforcementAgencies involved in attempts to prevent disobedience to established laws, or to bring to justice those that disobey those laws
02003002iptc-subjectcodeInvestigationProcess of inquiry of a possible crime up to the point of arrest
02003003iptc-subjectcodeArrestDetention of a suspect of a crime
02004000iptc-subjectcodePunishmentThe retribution handed out to those who break the laws
02004001iptc-subjectcodeFineMonetary punishment
02005000iptc-subjectcodePrisonAlso know as jails, lockups, calaboose, etc. for keeping law breakers from society
02006000iptc-subjectcodeLawsThe codification of rules of behaviour
02006001iptc-subjectcodeCriminalThe criminal code system
02006002iptc-subjectcodeCivilThe civil code system
02007000iptc-subjectcodeJustice and rightsThe equitable administration of laws and regulations
02007001iptc-subjectcodeCivil rightsRights of individuals under civil law
02008000iptc-subjectcodeTrialsThe process by which guilt or innocence, or right or wrong is determined and adjudged
02008001iptc-subjectcodeLitigationTaking disputed issues to court for settlement by judge and/or jury
02008002iptc-subjectcodeArbitrationResolution of disputed issues by a neutral panel
02008003iptc-subjectcodeCourt preliminaryPre-trial events including pleas, bail, motions, discovery, depositions.
02009000iptc-subjectcodeProsecutionStories regarding activities and investigations by public prosecutors.
02009001iptc-subjectcodeDefendantThe person on trial
02009002iptc-subjectcodeWitnessA person who testifies
02010000iptc-subjectcodeOrganized crimeCrimes committed by gangs or criminal groups.
02011001iptc-subjectcodeInternational court or tribunalThe activities of international tribunals such as European court for human rights, Hague tribunal, International Court of Justice etc
02011002iptc-subjectcodeExtraditionLegal transfer of criminals or suspects between countries
02012000iptc-subjectcodeCorporate crimeMisdeeds of corporations and corporate officers
02012001iptc-subjectcodeFraudIntentional deception that causes others to give up rights or property
02012002iptc-subjectcodeEmbezzlementThe intentional theft of money left in one's care
02012003iptc-subjectcodeRestraint of tradeInterference in free competition in business and trade
02012004iptc-subjectcodeBreach of contractRupture of legal agreements between companies, and with customers
02012005iptc-subjectcodeAnti-trust crimeViolations of laws against monopolies
02012006iptc-subjectcodeCorruptionGeneral business misbehaviour
02012007iptc-subjectcodeBriberyPayments or benefits to influence the outcome of a legal case
02013000iptc-subjectcodeWar crimeCrimes committed during a war or armed conflict, usually against civilians or POW's, including the prosecution of such crimes
02014000iptc-subjectcodeInquestFormal investigation of sudden or unexpected death and the hearing to decide cause of death.
02015000iptc-subjectcodeInquiryFormal hearing involving a disaster, political event etc. Eg rail crash, drug prescription scandal.
02016000iptc-subjectcodeTribunalFormal hearing usually involving employment issues, property etc.
03000000iptc-subjectcodeDisaster and accidentMan made and natural events resulting in loss of life or injury to living creatures and/or damage to inanimate objects or property.
03001000iptc-subjectcodeDroughtA severe lack of water over a period of time
03002000iptc-subjectcodeEarthquakeThe shifting of the tectonic plates of the Earth, creating in some cases damage to structures
03003000iptc-subjectcodeFamineSevere lack of food for a large population
03004000iptc-subjectcodeFireIgnition and consumption of materials through a combination of high heat and oxygen
03005000iptc-subjectcodeFloodSurfeit of water, caused by heavy rains or melting snow, usually in places where it's not wanted
03006000iptc-subjectcodeIndustrial accidentA mishap in a factory, a shop or an office, potentially harmful to humans
03006001iptc-subjectcodeStructural failuresWhen a building, bridge or other structures collapse because of unexpected forces or poor design
03007000iptc-subjectcodeMeteorological disasterA weather-related disaster
03007001iptc-subjectcodeWindstormsA storm of high velocity but non-hurricane force movements of air with little or no rain or hail. Often highly destructive
03008000iptc-subjectcodeNuclear accidentA mishap involving radioactive materials
03009000iptc-subjectcodePollutionEmissions of unwanted materials in areas where it can be harmful
03010000iptc-subjectcodeTransport accidentAn accident involving one or more vehicles
03010001iptc-subjectcodeRoad accidentAccidents on roads.
03010002iptc-subjectcodeRailway accidentAccidents involving trains.
03010003iptc-subjectcodeAir and space accidentAccidents involving craft in air or space.
03010004iptc-subjectcodeMaritime accidentAccidents involving marine vessels.
03011000iptc-subjectcodeVolcanic eruptionA rupture in the skin of the Earth allowing molten material to escape to the surface
03012000iptc-subjectcodeRelief and aid organisationOrganizations set up to provide help to those in need because of lack of food, water or shelter
03013000iptc-subjectcodeAccident (general)Any unplanned event that causes unwanted consequences
03014000iptc-subjectcodeEmergency incidentA sudden, unexpected event that requires immediate action
03014001iptc-subjectcodeExplosionSudden eruptions, usually of chemical substances
03015000iptc-subjectcodeDisaster (general)Serious or sudden misfortune
03015001iptc-subjectcodeNatural disastersDestructive incidents caused by the very nature of nature -- hurricanes, earthquakes, floods etc
03015002iptc-subjectcodeAvalanche/landslideSudden dislodging of massive amounts of snow or soil.
03016000iptc-subjectcodeEmergency planningPlanning for actions to deal with sudden, unplanned events
04001000iptc-subjectcodeAgricultureThe process of producing natural materials for consumption
04001001iptc-subjectcodeArable farmingProduction of food in the ground
04001002iptc-subjectcodeFishing industryRaising or gathering of fish
04001003iptc-subjectcodeForestry and timberProduction and collection and preparation of wood products for future use
04001004iptc-subjectcodeLivestock farmingRaising of animals for food
04001005iptc-subjectcodeVinicultureProduction of wines from the vines to the finish products
04001006iptc-subjectcodeAquacultureGrowing plants or animals in water for human consumption
04002000iptc-subjectcodeChemicalsNatural or manmade materials used to produce other materials
04002001iptc-subjectcodeBiotechnologyThe business of using engineering technology to study and solved problems of living organisms
04002002iptc-subjectcodeFertiliserNatural or manmade materials used to encourage the growth of plants
04002003iptc-subjectcodeHealth and beauty productCompilation of chemicals and other substances for use in enhancing ones looks or smell
04002004iptc-subjectcodeInorganic chemicalThe branch of chemistry dealing with minerals and metals
04002005iptc-subjectcodeOrganic chemicalThe branch of chemistry dealing with human, animal or carbon-based substances
04002006iptc-subjectcodePharmaceuticalThe production of medicines from various chemicals and natural substances
04002007iptc-subjectcodeSynthetic and plasticChemicals used to produce plastics and other artificial substances to be used in manufacturing
04003000iptc-subjectcodeComputing and information technologyAnything to do with the computing and/or transmission of information from one point to another.
04003001iptc-subjectcodeHardwareThe physical devices used to provide computer services, such as monitors, hard drives, keyboards etc. but can also be used for equipment such as routers, servers and other network devices.
04003002iptc-subjectcodeNetworkingThe interconnectivity between hardware that provides the medium for the transmission of data.
04003003iptc-subjectcodeSatellite technologyHardware and software that enables groundbased devices to send signals to each other via an orbiting satellite.
04003004iptc-subjectcodeSemiconductors and active componentsThe basic components that together create working electronic devices such as computers
04003005iptc-subjectcodeSoftwareProgramming sets that, when installed on hardware, perform specified functions.
04003006iptc-subjectcodeTelecommunication equipmentDevices such as telephone sets, voice/data switches, modems etc that facilitate point-to-point voice/data transmissions
04003007iptc-subjectcodeTelecommunication serviceServices provided by commercial companies that facilitate connections between telephones, pagers, computers
04003008iptc-subjectcodeSecurityTo encompass technical developments in hardware and software, basic research and related areas such as cyber security
04003009iptc-subjectcodeWireless technologyTransmission of information through means other than point-to-point wired hookups
04004000iptc-subjectcodeConstruction and propertyAll items pertaining to the construction and sale of property
04004001iptc-subjectcodeHeavy constructionLarge scale construction projects, construction of roads, dams, office/factory buildings, offshore and onshore structures, large sport stadiums
04004002iptc-subjectcodeHouse buildingConstruction of residences, for private use
04004003iptc-subjectcodeReal estateThe buying and selling of properties of all types
04004004iptc-subjectcodeFarmsAgricultural areas for the production of foodstuffs, including dairy products, fruits and livestock, such as cattle and fish
04004005iptc-subjectcodeLand priceThe price of land in specific zoned areas such as commercial, residential arable as provided by a responsible body
04004006iptc-subjectcodeRenovationRestoring properties/structures to a former better state by cleaning, repairing or rebuilding.
04004007iptc-subjectcodeDesign and engineeringDesign and planning by Engineers, Architects etc. of roads, offices, factories, dams , offshore structures,
04005000iptc-subjectcodeEnergy and resourceProduction of electrical power, and the water, air, sunlight, and fuels used to produce them
04005001iptc-subjectcodeAlternative energyAlternative energy business
04005002iptc-subjectcodeCoalProduction and mining of anthracite and bituminous products for use in power production
04005003iptc-subjectcodeOil and gas - downstream activitiesAll matters concerning oil and gas, typically refining and distribution activities
04005004iptc-subjectcodeOil and gas - upstream activitiesAll matters concerning oil and gas, typically supply chain activities from the reservoir to the refinery gate
04005005iptc-subjectcodeNuclear powerUse of radioactive materials for power production
04005006iptc-subjectcodeElectricity production and distributionPrimarily concerning the power line distribution system, but also the sale of electrical power at wholesale and retail levels
04005007iptc-subjectcodeWaste management and pollution controlThe business of waste management and pollution control
04005008iptc-subjectcodeWater supplyThe business of providing water for human use
04005009iptc-subjectcodeNatural resources (general)The general use of natural resources for business purposes, not focused on specific resources such as coal, oil, gas or water
04005010iptc-subjectcodeEnergy (general)Energy industry, not focused on any specific sector
04005011iptc-subjectcodeNatural gasA natural resource, mainly methane in an flammable gaseous state, from the ground
04005012iptc-subjectcodePetrolDistilled petroleum product used for automotive fuel, with or without additives
15034002iptc-subjectcodeFormal exercise-DEPRECATEDNA
04005014iptc-subjectcodeKerosene/paraffinA light petroleum distillate used for cooking fuel, aircraft jet engines, lamps, heating and cleaning
04006000iptc-subjectcodeFinancial and business serviceServices that transmit, safeguard, keep track of money or provide backup to commercial enterprises
04006001iptc-subjectcodeAccountancy and auditingServices provide balance sheet, budgets reconciliation and examine accuracy of financial statements
04006002iptc-subjectcodeBankingServices for storing, transmitting, receiving and delivery of cash moneys
04006003iptc-subjectcodeConsultancy serviceProviders of expert knowledge in a wide range of fields usually on a temporary, contract basis
04006004iptc-subjectcodeEmployment agencyA service helping people find jobs, and companies to find workers
04006005iptc-subjectcodeHealthcare providerProviders of medical services at all levels, including doctors, hospitals etc
04006006iptc-subjectcodeInsuranceA risk taking venture that allows individuals to pay small amounts periodically to guard financially against unexpected events
04006007iptc-subjectcodeLegal serviceLawyers and others who help companies and individuals deal with state, federal and local laws
04006008iptc-subjectcodeMarket researchA service that tries to determine what people want to buy
04006009iptc-subjectcodeStock brokingThe buying and selling of company shares on behalf of individuals or other entities
04006010iptc-subjectcodePersonal investingPersonal finance and investment
04006011iptc-subjectcodeMarket trendStatistically significant consumer behaviour.
04006012iptc-subjectcodeShipping serviceCompanies that prepare and transport packages and documents for individuals or companies by any means, including postal services.
04006013iptc-subjectcodePersonal serviceConsumer service that is intangible e.g. beauty care as in hairdressing
04006014iptc-subjectcodeJanitorial serviceCompanies that provide cleaning and similar services for homes and businesses.
04006015iptc-subjectcodeFuneral parlour and crematoriumCompanies that provide services for disposal of the dead
04006016iptc-subjectcodeRental serviceCompanies which provide rentals, including motor vehicles, tuxedos, tools, heavy equipment, and other supplies
04006017iptc-subjectcodeWedding serviceServices and products related to the wedding industry
04006018iptc-subjectcodePersonal financeAn individual's income and expenses
04006019iptc-subjectcodePersonal incomeMoney that a person earns and is his/hers to keep or spend
04006020iptc-subjectcodeAuction serviceSales by bidding
04006021iptc-subjectcodePrinting/promotional serviceProduction of printed matter such as flyers, ads, signs etc
04006022iptc-subjectcodeInvestment serviceFinancial advisers, as opposed to stock dealers or consultants
04007000iptc-subjectcodeConsumer goodsItems produced for and sold to individuals
04007001iptc-subjectcodeClothingItems of apparel to wear
04007002iptc-subjectcodeDepartment storeStores largely devoted to the sale of clothing to individuals
04007003iptc-subjectcodeFoodFruits, vegetables, breads, meats for human consumption
04007004iptc-subjectcodeMail orderItems sold through and delivered by mail
04007005iptc-subjectcodeRetailThe last stage in the sales chain
04007006iptc-subjectcodeSpeciality storeRetail outlets that specialize in categories such as shoes, coats, power tools, etc
04007007iptc-subjectcodeWholesaleThe first link in the sales chain after production
04007008iptc-subjectcodeBeverageLiquid consumables, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic
04007009iptc-subjectcodeElectronic commerceBuying and selling items through the Internet
04007010iptc-subjectcodeLuxury goodLeather bags, jewellery, haute couture, accessories etc
04007011iptc-subjectcodeNon-durable goodLighters, pens and stationery, tableware, watches, glasses etc
04007012iptc-subjectcodeToyChildren's plaything
04008000iptc-subjectcodeMacro economicsBroad scale economics and the world or national level
04008001iptc-subjectcodeCentral bankA country's major bank that sets interest rates, and provides transfer of funds between commercial banks
04008002iptc-subjectcodeConsumer issueThose issues, such as prices, inflation/deflation, quality of goods, at the retail sales level
04008003iptc-subjectcodeDebt marketMarket for trading debt instruments such as bonds, CDs, bankers acceptances, T bills, notes, IOUs etc
04008004iptc-subjectcodeEconomic indicatorCertain indexes, such as company inventories, the movement of prices that show whether the economy is improving or declining
04008005iptc-subjectcodeEmerging marketThose markets that are struggling to enter the world economies and those requiring financial help from international lenders
04008006iptc-subjectcodeForeign exchange marketThe trading of shekels, dinars, euros dollars etc around the world through regulated markets
04008007iptc-subjectcodeGovernment aidSupply of financial and other help by one government, usually to another
04008008iptc-subjectcodeGovernment debtThe amount a government owes on bonds, services and for goods and services for which it has no ready cash
04008009iptc-subjectcodeInterest rateThe amount of money one must pay to borrow money
04008010iptc-subjectcodeInternational economic institutionEntities such as UNIDO, World Bank, World Trade Organization, the Import-Expert Bank etc that deals at a world level
04008011iptc-subjectcodeInternational (foreign) tradeTrade of goods and services between nations
04008012iptc-subjectcodeLoan marketThe market where money is available to borrow, at certain rates of interest
04008013iptc-subjectcodeEconomic organizationBusiness, industrial and trade associations, societies and other private-sector groups.
04008015iptc-subjectcodeTrade disputeInternational dispute over trade barriers, cartels, dumping etc.
04008017iptc-subjectcodePricesThe monetary value of goods, services or stocks and bonds
04008018iptc-subjectcodeCurrency valuesThe value of one currency as measured against another
04008019iptc-subjectcodeBudgets and budgetingA method of balancing revenues against expenses
04008020iptc-subjectcodeCredit and debtCredit: the amount of money available to you, often by loan. Debt, the amount you owe.
04008021iptc-subjectcodeLoansAn agreement by one individual or institution to temporarily disperse money to another, with an agreed rate and time for its return
04008022iptc-subjectcodeMortgagesThe loan of money for the purpose of purchasing a property, whether land or building. Or, for homeowners to repair or maintain properties, often based on owner equity in a property
04008023iptc-subjectcodeFinancial marketsInstitutions set up to trade the shares or other financial paper of companies or other organizations, can also include currency trading
04008024iptc-subjectcodeCommodity marketsThe bartering or trading of goods such as cotton, oil, coal, metals, etc
04008025iptc-subjectcodeInvestmentsSpeculative purchases of corporate instruments, of commodities, currencies, or parts thereof
04008026iptc-subjectcodeStocksCorporate paper that gives an individual an ownership right to a part of a company's earnings
04008027iptc-subjectcodeBondsCorporate or governmental paper representing the loan of money at a fixed rate and for a fixed time to that company or government
04008028iptc-subjectcodeMutual fundsPools of shares or bonds for sale often grouped by investment intention, such as growth, income or security
04008029iptc-subjectcodeDerivative securitiesFinancial instruments such as futures, swaps and options, used for risk management, whose characteristics and value depend upon the characteristics and value of an underlying instrument, such as a commodity, bond, equity or currency.
04008030iptc-subjectcodeImportsWhat is bought abroad and brought into a country for resale
04008031iptc-subjectcodeExportsWhat is produced or manufactured in your country and sent and sold elsewhere
04008032iptc-subjectcodeTrade agreementsGovernment level agreements between countries for the sale and purchase of goods and services
04008033iptc-subjectcodeTrade policyGovernmental decisions on tariffs, shipping, embargoes, and the types or kinds of goods and services to be imported and exported
04008034iptc-subjectcodeBusiness enterprisesOrganizations set up usually for profit-making purposes by creating and selling a product or service
04008035iptc-subjectcodeTariffFees placed on goods imported or exported, often punitive
04008036iptc-subjectcodeTrade balanceThe difference between the financial value of imports and exports
04009000iptc-subjectcodeMarket and exchangeOrganized entities for buying and selling stocks, currencies, commodities and other goods
04009001iptc-subjectcodeEnergyStories related to energy trading and markets
04009002iptc-subjectcodeMetalMarkets for trading base metals such as copper, aluminium, steel, zinc etc
04009003iptc-subjectcodeSecuritiesMarkets for trading types of company paper such as stocks and bonds
04009004iptc-subjectcodeSoft commodityTrading in commodities such as cotton, sugar, sorghum, soybeans etc.
04010000iptc-subjectcodeMediaThe various means of disseminating news and information to the public
04010001iptc-subjectcodeAdvertisingMethods of promoting goods and service to consumers through video, graphics, print text etc
04010002iptc-subjectcodeBookThe business of producing and selling bound media, whether fiction or non-fiction
04010003iptc-subjectcodeCinema industryThe business of cinema
04010004iptc-subjectcodeNews agencyCommercial agencies for production and distribution of newsworthy events through print, broadcast, video or electronic media
04010005iptc-subjectcodeNewspaper and magazineThe business of producing bound and unbound printed paper products for periodic distribution of news items
04010006iptc-subjectcodeOnlineThe business of distributing news and information through computer networks for public consumption
04010007iptc-subjectcodePublic relationThe job of promoting products and services through advertising campaigns and/or through person-to-person contact or through news releases
04010008iptc-subjectcodeRadio industryBusiness of radio
04010009iptc-subjectcodeSatellite and cable serviceThe business of transmitting of news, entertainment and information via satellite or cable television services
04010010iptc-subjectcodeTelevision industryBusiness of television
04010011iptc-subjectcodeMusic industryRecording, production, marketing of music
04011000iptc-subjectcodeManufacturing and engineeringManufacturers of electrical, electronic and mechanical equipment but does not cover civil engineering.
04011001iptc-subjectcodeAerospaceCompanies that assemble or manufacture components for airplanes and space ships.
04011002iptc-subjectcodeAutomotive equipmentCompanies that produce components for automobiles
04011003iptc-subjectcodeDefence equipmentManufacturers of guns, tanks, cannons, ships etc for the military and non-military protection services
04011004iptc-subjectcodeElectrical applianceMakers of large and small electrical goods for use in homes or business
04011005iptc-subjectcodeHeavy engineeringManufacturers of cranes, bulldozers and the like for use in major construction projects
04011006iptc-subjectcodeIndustrial componentManufacturers of mechanical, electrical, electronic items needed in the manufacture of other items
04016026iptc-subjectcodeLicensing agreementLicensing agreements between companies.
04011008iptc-subjectcodeShipbuildingManufacturers of ships, submarines, barges.
04011009iptc-subjectcodeMachine manufacturingManufacturers of turbines, engines, fans , pumps , motors and components for powered equipment.
04012000iptc-subjectcodeMetal and mineralProduction and refining of ores into metals
04012001iptc-subjectcodeBuilding materialManufacture of materials like wallboard, lumber wiring for the building industry
04012002iptc-subjectcodeGold and precious materialMining, refining and sales of gold and other precious metals
04012003iptc-subjectcodeIron and steelMining, refining and sales of iron-based metals
04012004iptc-subjectcodeNon ferrous metalMining, refining and sales of copper, zinc, aluminium, and other metals not based on iron
04012005iptc-subjectcodeMiningThe industry of digging for metals, raw materials such as coal, or precious gems such as diamonds
04013000iptc-subjectcodeProcess industryThe business of turning raw materials into useable products
04013001iptc-subjectcodeDistiller and brewerManufacture of alcoholic beverages
04013002iptc-subjectcodeFoodThe business of processing, distributing and selling for basic human consumption
04013003iptc-subjectcodeFurnishings and furnitureManufacture of furniture, wallpaper, paints and fabrics for interior decoration
04013004iptc-subjectcodePaper and packaging productProduction of paper material for writing, wrapping, printing, or packaging
04013005iptc-subjectcodeRubber productProduction of rubber based materials for gloves, protective coatings, hoses and the like
04013006iptc-subjectcodeSoft drinksProduction of non-alcoholic drinks
04013007iptc-subjectcodeTextile and clothingProduction of fabrics for furnishings and fixtures, and for clothing of various types
04013008iptc-subjectcodeTobaccoGrowing, producing and sale of tobacco products
04014000iptc-subjectcodeTourism and leisureTourism and leisure industries
04014001iptc-subjectcodeCasino and gamblingThe business of providing outlets for various games of chance using cards, dice, spinning wheels to betting on animal races
04014002iptc-subjectcodeHotel and accommodationThe business of providing food and shelter to travellers
04014003iptc-subjectcodeRecreational and sporting goodsManufacture of goods for leisure activities
04014004iptc-subjectcodeRestaurant and cateringThe business of providing prepared foods for customers in groups large and small
04014005iptc-subjectcodeTour operatorOperators of trips either locally, as around town, or to other countries
04015000iptc-subjectcodeTransportThe means of getting from one place to the other without walking
04015001iptc-subjectcodeAir transportAirplane and airport operations
04015002iptc-subjectcodeRailwayThe business of transporting people or cargo by rail
04015003iptc-subjectcodeRoad transportThe business of transport goods by trucks and highways
04015004iptc-subjectcodeWaterway and maritime transportCommercial movement of people or goods via boats, ships and water
04016000iptc-subjectcodeCompany informationInformation about individual companies or business entities
04016001iptc-subjectcodeAccounting and auditChanges in choice of auditing firm. Reports on impact of changes in GAAP.
04016002iptc-subjectcodeAnnual and special corporate meetingAnnouncements of upcoming meetings. Reports on meetings.
04016003iptc-subjectcodeAnnual reportAvailability or contents of annual company reports.
04016004iptc-subjectcodeAntitrust issueAntitrust activities, monopoly regulation, etc.
04016005iptc-subjectcodeMerger, acquisition and takeoverNews on mergers, takeovers or acquisitions.
04016006iptc-subjectcodeAnalysts' commentStock analyst comments, analysis and recommendations.
04016007iptc-subjectcodeBankruptcyActual bankruptcy filings.
04016008iptc-subjectcodeBoard of directors (appointment and change)Appointments to or changes in the board of directors for a company.
04016009iptc-subjectcodeBuybackStock buyback programs. This should be kept distinct from Stock Activity (see below).
04016010iptc-subjectcodeC.E.O. interviewInterviews with Chief Executive Officers.
04016011iptc-subjectcodeCorporate officerAppointments or changes in corporate officers.
04016012iptc-subjectcodeCorporate profileDescriptive profiles of companies.
04016013iptc-subjectcodeContractCommercial contracts.
04016014iptc-subjectcodeDefence contractThe award of government contracts for defence related activity.
04016015iptc-subjectcodeDividend announcementAnnouncements regarding the disbursement of dividends.
04016016iptc-subjectcodeEarnings forecastAnalyst prediction of company earnings.
04016017iptc-subjectcodeFinancially distressed companyAa company is financially distressed - not yet having filed for bankruptcy.
04016018iptc-subjectcodeEarningsAny increase of earnings results.
04016019iptc-subjectcodeFinancing and stock offeringNew offerings of equity including initial public offerings.
04016020iptc-subjectcodeGovernment contractThe award of government contracts not related to defence activity
04016021iptc-subjectcodeGlobal expansionPlanned or actual openings of offices in countries for the first time.
04016022iptc-subjectcodeInsider tradingThe purchase or sales of stock by corporate officers or board members.
04016023iptc-subjectcodeJoint ventureJoint ventures between companies. (Not marketing related - see Marketing.)
04016024iptc-subjectcodeLeveraged buyoutLeveraged buyouts.
04016025iptc-subjectcodeLayoffs and downsizingPlanned or actual reductions in the labour force.
15071003iptc-subjectcodeRiverRaces competed on rivers
04016028iptc-subjectcodeManagement changeMajor appointments or changes in management below the level of corporate officer.
04016029iptc-subjectcodeMarketingIncludes news regarding joint marketing agreements between companies, adoption of new product marketing strategies, etc.
04016030iptc-subjectcodeNew productAnnouncements of new products.
04016031iptc-subjectcodePatent, copyright and trademarkNews related to patents, copyright and trademarks.
04016032iptc-subjectcodePlant closingAnnouncements of planned or actual plant closings.
04016033iptc-subjectcodePlant openingAnnouncements of planned or actual plant openings.
04016034iptc-subjectcodePrivatisationPrivatisation (privatisation) of state run companies.
04016035iptc-subjectcodeProxy filingFilings with regulatory agencies of proxy statements for upcoming shareholder votes.
04016036iptc-subjectcodeRatingCorporate and sovereign debt and credit ratings (e.g. SandP or Moody's)
04016037iptc-subjectcodeResearch and developmentResearch and expenditure on new product development.
04016038iptc-subjectcodeQuarterly or semiannual financial statementAvailability or contents of quarterly or semi-annual corporate reports.
04016039iptc-subjectcodeRestructuring and recapitalisationSale of company units, splits of existing companies into units under a holding company, etc.
04016040iptc-subjectcodeSpin-offCreation of new companies being spun off from existing companies.
04016041iptc-subjectcodeStock activityAnnouncements of major stock events: splits, block trades, new highs or lows, etc.
04016042iptc-subjectcodeIndustrial productionManufacture of durable and non-durable goods
04016043iptc-subjectcodeProductivityThe cost of labour to produce an item of value, often measured as output per hour per person
04016044iptc-subjectcodeInventoriesGoods not sold and held by the producer, wholesaler or retailer
04016046iptc-subjectcodeCorporationsBusiness enterprises formally licensed with boards of directors and hierarchical structures of governance
04016047iptc-subjectcodeShareholdersAnyone holding a piece of paper issued by a company which changes in value and entitles them to dividends depending on the performance of the company
04016048iptc-subjectcodeCorporate performanceHow well a company performs, measured by its net earnings, its dividends its earnings per share and price/earnings ratio
04016049iptc-subjectcodeLossesWhen expenses exceed revenue
04016050iptc-subjectcodeCredit ratingsFormal statements by certain rating agencies such as Standard and Poor's on the investment risk of a company, a country or enterprise
04016051iptc-subjectcodeStock splitsIssuing multiple shares for one share of stock. Usually occurs when the price of a stock has increased so much that its purchase price is not attractive. A reverse split is when one share is issued for multiple shares, to raise the per share value.
04016052iptc-subjectcodeStock optionsAn agreement to either buy or sell a stock when it meets a certain price
04016053iptc-subjectcodeRecalls (products)A decision by a company to take back or repair a defective product
04016054iptc-subjectcodeGlobalizationDoing business around the world
04016055iptc-subjectcodeConsumersBuyers of goods and services
04016056iptc-subjectcodePurchaseItems that companies buy, such as raw materials, office supplies etc.
04016057iptc-subjectcodeNew serviceNew services added by a company, such as new flight routes, etc.
04017000iptc-subjectcodeEconomy (general)Content of a general nature about trade and the economy
04017001iptc-subjectcodeEconomic policyGovernment directed policy on production, taxes, tariffs and things that affect the direction and health of the economy
04018000iptc-subjectcodeBusiness (general)Content of a general nature about business
04018001iptc-subjectcodeInstitutionEither an established law, practice or system or an organization having a social, religious, educational or similar purpose such as hospital, school, prison
04019000iptc-subjectcodeFinance (general)Content of a general nature about finance
04019001iptc-subjectcodeMoney and monetary policyGovernment bank directed policy on the amount of money in circulation and the rate at which it can be loaned
05000000iptc-subjectcodeEducationAll aspects of furthering knowledge of human individuals from birth to death.
05001000iptc-subjectcodeAdult educationEducation provided for older students outside the usual age groups of 5-25
05002000iptc-subjectcodeFurther educationAny form of education beyond basic education of several levels
05003000iptc-subjectcodeParent organisationGroups of parents set up to support schools
05004000iptc-subjectcodePreschoolEducation for children under the national compulsory education age
05005000iptc-subjectcodeSchoolA building or institution in which education of various sorts is provided
05005001iptc-subjectcodeElementary schoolsSchools usually of a level from kindergarten through 11 or 12 years of age
05005002iptc-subjectcodeMiddle schoolsTransitional school between elementary and high school, 12 through 13 years of age
05005003iptc-subjectcodeHigh schoolsPre-college/ university level education, 14 to 17 or 18 years of age, called freshman, sophomore, junior and senior
05006000iptc-subjectcodeTeachers unionOrganization of teachers for collective bargaining and other purposes
05007000iptc-subjectcodeUniversityInstitutions of higher learning capable of providing doctorate degrees
05008000iptc-subjectcodeUpbringingLessons learned from parents and others as one grows up
07001007iptc-subjectcodeAnimal diseasesDisorders affecting animals that do not necessarily endanger humans
05010000iptc-subjectcodeTeaching and learningEither end of the education equation
05010001iptc-subjectcodeStudentsPeople of any age in a structured environment, not necessarily a classroom, in order to learn something
05010002iptc-subjectcodeTeachersPeople with knowledge who can impart that knowledge to others
05010003iptc-subjectcodeCurriculumThe courses offered by a learning institution and the regulation of those courses
05010004iptc-subjectcodeTest/examinationA measurement of student accomplishment
05011000iptc-subjectcodeReligious educationInstruction by any faith, in that faith or about other faiths, usually, but not always, conducted in schools run by religious bodies
05011001iptc-subjectcodeParochial schoolA school run by the Roman Catholic faith
05011002iptc-subjectcodeSeminaryA school of any faith specifically designed to train ministers
05011003iptc-subjectcodeYeshivaA school for training rabbis
05011004iptc-subjectcodeMadrasaA school for teaching Islam
06000000iptc-subjectcodeEnvironmental issueAll aspects of protection, damage, and condition of the ecosystem of the planet earth and its surroundings.
06001000iptc-subjectcodeRenewable energyEnvironmental impact of renewable energy, including solar, wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal
06002000iptc-subjectcodeConservationPreservation of wilderness areas, flora and fauna, including species extinction
06002001iptc-subjectcodeEndangered speciesThose species of wildlife in danger of disappearing, largely because of changes in environment, hunting, or weather
06002002iptc-subjectcodeEcosystemA system of plants, animals and bacteria interrelated in its physical/chemical environment
06003000iptc-subjectcodeEnergy savingConservation of electrical, and other power sources
06004000iptc-subjectcodeEnvironmental politicsThe debate on environmental policy
06005000iptc-subjectcodeEnvironmental pollutionCorruption of air, water, land etc. by harmful substances
06005001iptc-subjectcodeAir pollutionSolid or gaseous matter affecting the quality of air that we breathe
06005002iptc-subjectcodeWater pollutionSolids or liquids that corrupt the quality of water that could be used for drinking or irrigation
06006000iptc-subjectcodeNatural resourcesStories about the environmental issues related to the exploitation of natural resources for human use
06006001iptc-subjectcodeLand resourcesThat portion of a nation or state that is above water and available for development either for profit or for the general good of the public
06006002iptc-subjectcodeParksAreas set aside and developed for public enjoyment and recreation, including commercial development such as theme parks
06006003iptc-subjectcodeForestsOpen areas of trees either available for public enjoyment, or for commercial purposes
06006004iptc-subjectcodeWetlandsAreas generally marshy and not either under water or dry land. Often related to aquifers for water quality and/or wildlife
06006005iptc-subjectcodeMountainsElevated land masses formed over the ages either by erosion, volcanic eruption, or movement of massive geographical formations called plates